How does infiltration behavior modify the composition of ambient PM2.5 in indoor spaces?: An analysis of RIOPA data
How does infiltration behavior modify the composition of ambient PM2.5 in indoor spaces?: An analysis of RIOPA data
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DOI：
10.1021/es070037k
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发表时间：
2007-11-01
影响因子：
11.4
通讯作者：
Winer, Arthur
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Meng, Qing Yu;Turpin, Barbara J.;Winer, Arthur
室内环境是暴露于环境（室外）源细颗粒物（PM2.5）的重要场所。在这项工作中，配对的室内和室外PM2.5物种浓度从三个地理上不同的城市（休斯顿，德克萨斯州，洛杉矶县，加利福尼亚州和伊丽莎白，新泽西州）进行了分析，使用正矩阵因子分解（PMF），并表明，环境PM2.5的组成和源的贡献是大大修改了由室外到室内门运输。我们的研究结果表明，当环境PM2.5被视为具有不同渗透行为的四种不同颗粒类型（一次燃烧，二次硫酸盐和有机物，二次硝酸盐和机械产生的PM）的组合时，而不是作为一个“单一的内部混合实体”时，“环境来源的室内PM2.5”的预测得到了改善。“研究范围内的平均渗透系数（即，室内、室外和个人空气的关系（RIOPA）研究家庭的室内PM2.5含量分别为0.51、0.78和0.04（与P = 0.6、0.9和0.09一致; k = 0.2、0.1和0.6 h（-1））分别与一次燃烧、二次形成（不包括硝酸盐）和机械生成有关。室内环境中PM2.5的组成、性质和来源贡献的改变对暴露缓解策略、健康假设的发展以及使用环境中心点PM2.5作为PM2.5暴露替代物的流行病学研究中的暴露误差评估具有重要意义。
The indoor environment is an important venue for exposure to fine particulate matter (PM2.5) of ambient (outdoor) origin. In this work, paired indoor and outdoor PM2.5 species concentrations from three geographically distinct cities (Houston, TX, Los Angeles County, CA, and Elizabeth, NJ) were analyzed using positive matrix factorization (PMF) and demonstrate that the composition and source contributions of ambient PM2.5 are substantially modified by outdoor-to-in door transport. Our results suggest that predictions of "indoor PM2.5 of ambient origin" are improved when ambient PM2.5 is treated as a combination of four distinct particle types with differing infiltration behavior (primary combustion, secondary sulfate and organics, secondary nitrate, and mechanically generated PM) rather than as a "single internally mixed entity." Study-wide average infiltration factors (i.e., fraction of ambient PM2.5 found indoors) for Relationship of Indoor, Outdoor, and Personal Air (RIOPA) study homes were 0.51, 0.78, and 0.04 (consistent with P = 0.6, 0.9, and 0.09; k = 0.2, 0.1, and 0.6 h(-1)) for PM2.5 associated with primary combustion, secondary formation (excluding nitrate), and mechanical generation, respectively. Modification of the composition, properties, and source contributions of ambient PM2.5 in indoor environments has important implications for exposure mitigation strategies, development of health hypotheses, and evaluation of exposure error in epidemiological studies that use ambient central-site PM2.5 as a surrogate for PM2.5 exposure.