Evidence for multiple sex-determining loci in Tasmanian Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar).
Evidence for multiple sex-determining loci in Tasmanian Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar).
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DOI：
10.1038/hdy.2013.55
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发表时间：
2014-07
期刊：
影响因子：
3.8
通讯作者：
Davidson WS
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Eisbrenner WD;Botwright N;Cook M;Davidson EA;Dominik S;Elliott NG;Henshall J;Jones SL;Kube PD;Lubieniecki KP;Peng S;Davidson WS
鲑科鱼类的表现型性别主要由遗传雄性异配子系统决定；然而，性逆转可以通过激素治疗来实现。在塔斯马尼亚大西洋鲑鱼养殖中，为了克服与雄性性成熟过早相关的问题，将性别逆转的雌性与正常雌性杂交，产生所有雌性种群。然而，性别反转的女性（新男性）与真正的男性的表型区别是有问题的。我们开始寻找能够做出这种区分的基因标记。来自2号染色体（Ssa02）的微卫星标记——性别决定位点（SEX）已经在两个苏格兰大西洋鲑鱼家族中被定位——在一项针对7个家族的初步研究中没有预测性别。TaqMan 64 SNP全基因组扫描显示，这些家庭的SEX位于Ssa06上，并通过微卫星标记证实了这一点。对SALTAS育种项目中38个雄性世系的58个家庭的调查发现，34个家庭的SEX位点位于Ssa02上，22个家庭的SEX位点位于Ssa06上，两个家庭的SEX位点位于Ssa03上。利用最近发表的sdY基因设计的引物进行PCR测试，结果表明塔斯马尼亚大西洋鲑鱼具有单一性别决定基因，该基因可能位于至少三个连锁组上。
Phenotypic sex in salmonids is determined primarily by a genetic male heterogametic system; yet, sex reversal can be accomplished via hormonal treatment. In Tasmanian Atlantic salmon aquaculture, to overcome problems associated with early sexual maturation in males, sex-reversed females are crossed with normal females to produce all female stock. However, phenotypic distinction of sex-reversed females (neo-males) from true males is problematic. We set out to identify genetic markers that could make this distinction. Microsatellite markers from chromosome 2 (Ssa02), to which the sex-determining locus (SEX) has been mapped in two Scottish Atlantic salmon families, did not predict sex in a pilot study of seven families. A TaqMan 64 SNP genome-wide scan suggested SEX was on Ssa06 in these families, and this was confirmed by microsatellite markers. A survey of 58 families in total representing 38 male lineages in the SALTAS breeding program found that 34 of the families had SEX on Ssa02, in 22 of the families SEX was on Ssa06, and two of the families had a third SEX locus, on Ssa03. A PCR test using primers designed from the recently published sdY gene is consistent with Tasmanian Atlantic salmon having a single sex-determining gene that may be located on at least three linkage groups.