Comparison of children's dietary intake patterns with US dietary guidelines.
Comparison of children's dietary intake patterns with US dietary guidelines.
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儿童膳食摄入模式与美国膳食指南的比较。
DOI：
10.1017/s0007114500001641
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发表时间：
2000
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
M. Goran
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
L. Brady;C. Lindquist;S. Herd;M. Goran
监测儿童的饮食摄入模式对于探索和预防成人健康问题的发生非常重要。本研究的目的是比较儿童的饮食摄入量与国家建议，并确定是否性别或种族差异是明显的。这是使用一种方法来评估美国农业部制定的食物指南金字塔（USDA：美国农业部和美国卫生与公众服务部（1992年））的主要组成部分的摄入量。研究样本包括来自美国阿拉巴马州伯明翰的110名非洲裔美国人和白人男性和女性（平均年龄9.9岁，BMI 20.1 kg/m2），他们参与了一项调查肥胖发展的研究。膳食数据基于三次24小时召回，并使用美国农业部金字塔服务数据库确定食物组摄入量。结果表明，很高比例的受试者未能达到每个食物组的推荐食用量。例如，只有5%和9%的人分别符合水果和饮食组的建议。来自金字塔“尖端”的食物消费（包括可自由支配的脂肪和添加的糖）占饮食的近50%。非裔美国人更有可能满足肉类群体的要求，而满足饮食建议的高加索人比例更高。男性更有可能满足蔬菜组的指导方针，虽然女性消耗更多的能量，每天从随意脂肪。总之，这些结果表明，营养教育计划的实施可能是重要的，促进美国儿童的健康营养。
Monitoring dietary intake patterns among children is important in order to explore and prevent the onset of adult health problems. The aim of the present study was to compare children's dietary intakes with national recommendations and to determine whether sex or ethnic differences were evident. This was done using a methodology that allows assessment of intake from the major components of the Food Guide Pyramid developed by the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA: US Department of Agriculture and US Department of Health and Human Services (1992)). The sample studied included 110 African-American and Caucasian males and females (mean age 9.9 years, BMI 20.1 kg/m2) from Birmingham, AL, USA, who were participating in a study investigating the development of obesity. Dietary data were based on three 24 h recalls and food group intake was determined using the USDA Pyramid Servicing Database. The results indicated that a high percentage of subjects failed to meet the recommended number of servings from each of the food groups. For example, only 5 % and 9 % met fruit and dietary group recommendations respectively. Consumption of foods from the Pyramid 'tip' (including discretionary fat and added sugar) contributed almost 50 % of the diet. African-Americans were more likely to meet requirements for the meat group, with a higher proportion of Caucasians meeting dietary recommendations. Males were more likely to meet the vegetable group guidelines although females consumed more energy per day from discretionary fat. In conclusion, these results suggest that implementation of nutrition education programmes may be important for promoting healthy nutrition among American children.