Uptake of a new meningitis vaccination programme amongst first-year undergraduate students in the United Kingdom: A cross-sectional study.
Uptake of a new meningitis vaccination programme amongst first-year undergraduate students in the United Kingdom: A cross-sectional study.
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0181817
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发表时间：
2017
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Stanistreet D
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Blagden S;Seddon D;Hungerford D;Stanistreet D
2015年，W群脑膜炎球菌在英国被宣布为地方性流行，随后在青少年和一年级大学生中引入了脑膜炎球菌ACWY疫苗接种(MenACWY)。这项研究旨在确定学生对MenACWY的接受程度，并评估人口统计学和健康信念模型(HBM)对此的影响。这是一项在英国一所大学对18-25岁的一年级本科生进行的横断面研究。数据收集是通过电子问卷进行的，其中包括人口统计数据、HBM和疫苗接种状况。对人口统计学、健康信念和疫苗接种之间的关系进行了单因素分析，然后进行了多因素Logistic回归分析。401名参与者被纳入分析。疫苗接种率为68.1%。在多元回归分析中，与接种疫苗独立相关的变量是年龄、间隔年、疫苗的感知有效性和对脑膜炎风险的了解。与18岁相比，19岁(AOR=0.087，95%CI=0.010~0.729)、20岁(AOR=0.019，95%CI=0.002~0.161)和21~25岁(AOR=0.003，95%CI=0.001~0.027)接种疫苗的几率降低。相反，间隔年(AOR=2.939，95%CI=1.329-6.501)、较高的感知疫苗有效性(AOR=3.555，95%CI=1.787-7.073)和对脑膜炎风险的了解(AOR=2.481，95%CI=1.165-5.287)与接种增加独立相关。这项研究和其他来源的学生的MenACWY接种率高于全国所有青少年的覆盖率(35.3%)，这表明该疫苗接种计划可能正在加剧健康不平等。由于这一年龄段的接种政策不同，年龄较大的学生接种疫苗的可能性较小。今后，应考虑以特定学生群体为重点并突出疫苗有效性和脑膜炎风险的战略。建议对这一疫苗接种方案进行国家评估，以澄清其对健康不平等的影响。
In 2015 meningococcal group W was declared endemic in the UK, with the meningococcal ACWY vaccination (MenACWY) subsequently introduced amongst adolescents and first-year university students. This study aimed to determine MenACWY uptake amongst students and to evaluate how this was influenced by demographics and via the Health Belief Model (HBM). This was a cross-sectional study conducted at a British university amongst first-year undergraduate students aged 18–25 years. Data collection was via an electronic questionnaire encompassing demographics, the HBM and vaccination status. Univariable analysis of the associations between demographics, health beliefs and vaccination was performed, followed by multiple logistic regression. 401 participants were included in analysis. Vaccine uptake was 68.1%. Variables independently associated with vaccination upon multiple regression were age, gap-year, perceived effectiveness of the vaccine and knowledge about risk of meningitis. Compared to 18 year-olds, the odds of vaccination were reduced for 19 year-olds (aOR = 0.087, 95% CI = 0.010–0.729), 20 year-olds (aOR = 0.019, 95% CI = 0.002–0.161) and 21–25 year-olds (aOR = 0.003, 95% CI = <0.001–0.027). In contrast, taking a gap year (aOR = 2.939, 95% CI = 1.329–6.501), higher perceived vaccine effectiveness (aOR = 3.555, 95% CI = 1.787–7.073) and knowledge about meningitis risk (aOR = 2.481, 95% CI = 1.165–5.287) were independently associated with increased uptake. MenACWY uptake amongst students in this study and in other sources is above the national coverage for all adolescents (35.3%), indicating that this vaccination programme may be increasing health inequalities. Older students are less likely to become vaccinated due to differing vaccination policy in this age-group. In future, strategies that focus on specific student cohorts and that highlight vaccine effectiveness and the risk of meningitis should be considered. National evaluation of this vaccination programme is recommended to clarify its impact on health inequalities.
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