An urban canyon energy budget model and its application to urban storage heat flux modeling
An urban canyon energy budget model and its application to urban storage heat flux modeling
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DOI：
10.1016/s0378-7788(97)00026-1
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发表时间：
1998-02
影响因子：
6.7
通讯作者：
A. Arnfield;C. Grimmond
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
A. Arnfield;C. Grimmond
为了通过测量或建模获得局部尺度的城市能量平衡，有必要确定存储热通量（ΔQs）。由于城市表面的复杂性，这种通量无法直接测量。Grimmond等人，客观滞后模型（OHM）[C.S.B. Grimmond，H.A. T.R. Cleugh Oke，一个客观的城市热存储模型及其与其他方案的比较，Atmos。环境、25 B（1991）311-326]的局部尺度Δ Q结合了各个表面类型的经验方程，这些表面类型在城市区域内的比例。野外数据非常有限的一种地表类型是城市峡谷，它由相邻建筑物的墙壁、分隔它们的水平街道区域（道路、花园、停车场等）组成。和封闭的空气体积。在这里的存储热通量的城市峡谷和由此产生的欧姆参数的研究与干燥的城市峡谷能量收支的数值模型。衬底热通量来自模拟表面和衬底温度;后者根据傅立叶热传导方程的有限差分形式随时间演变。与实测通量相比，该模型表现令人满意。数值实验表明，由于建筑高度与间距的比值和建筑墙体的热性能的变化，显着影响的欧姆参数。中等意义的影响归因于峡谷的方向，风速和建筑物之间的空气温度制度的时间。气温和风速曲线的时间显示只有轻微的意义。
To obtain a local-scale urban energy balance by either measurement or modeling it is necessary to determine storage heat flux (ΔQs). This flux cannot be measured directly due to the complexity of the urban surface. The Grimmond et al. Objective Hysteresis Model (OHM) [C.S.B. Grimmond, H.A. Cleugh, T.R. Oke, An objective urban heat storage model and its comparison with other schemes, Atmos. Environ., 25B (1991) 311–326] of local-scale ΔQscombines empirical equations for individual surface types in the proportion that they are present within the urban area. One surface type for which there is very limited field data is the urban canyon, which consists of the walls of adjacent buildings, the horizontal street-level area separating them (roadways, gardens, parking lots, etc.) and the enclosed air volume. Here the storage heat flux of an urban canyon and the resulting OHM parameters are investigated with a numerical model of a dry urban canyon energy budget. Substrate heat fluxes are derived from simulated surface and substrate temperatures; the latter evolve through time according to the finite difference form of the Fourier heat conduction equation. When compared against measured fluxes, the model performed satisfactorily. Numerical experiments show significant effects on the OHM parameters due to changes in the ratio of building height to separation distance and building wall thermal properties. Effects of intermediate significance were attributable to canyon orientation, wind speed and the timing of the between-building air temperature regime. Air temperature and the timing of the wind speed curve showed only minor significance.