A prospective study of age and lifestyle factors in relation to community-acquired pneumonia in US men and women
A prospective study of age and lifestyle factors in relation to community-acquired pneumonia in US men and women
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DOI：
10.1001/archinte.160.20.3082
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发表时间：
2000-11-13
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Fawzi, WW
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Baik, I;Curhan, GC;Fawzi, WW
背景：关于自由生活人群中社区获得性肺炎(CAP)危险因素的信息有限。我们研究了年龄、吸烟状况、体重指数、成年后体重变化、体力活动和饮酒与慢性肺炎风险的关系。方法：研究人群包括26429名男性，年龄44-79岁，来自健康专业人员跟踪研究，78062名女性，年龄27-44岁，来自护士健康研究II。在多变量Logistic回归模型中考虑了年龄、吸烟状况、BMI、体力活动和饮酒。男性CAP发病风险与年龄呈剂量-反应关系。与从不吸烟的人相比，男性(相对危险度1.46；95%可信区间1.00-2.14)和女性(相对危险度1.55；95%可信区间1.15-2.10)中吸烟与CAP的风险相关。此外，BMI与女性CAP风险的增加直接相关。与成年后保持体重的参与者相比，体重增加40磅或更多(大于或等于18公斤)的男性和女性的风险几乎高出2倍。女性患CAP的风险随着体力活动的增加而降低。结论：吸烟和超重是男性和女性CAP的危险因素，体力活动仅与女性CAP的风险呈负相关。生活方式因素可能会降低CAP的发生率。
Background: Information is limited on risk factors for community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) in free-living populations. We examined the associations of age, smoking status, body mass index (BMI), weight change during adulthood, physical activity, and alcohol intake with risk of CAP among men and women.Methods: The study population included 26429 men aged 44 to 79 years from the Health Professionals Follow-up Study and 78062 women aged 27 to 44 years from the Nurses' Health Study II. Information was collected by biennial mailed questionnaires and the main outcome was physician-diagnosed incident pneumonia.Results: There were 290 cases among men (6 years of follow-up) and 305 cases among-women (2 years of follow-up). Age, smoking status, BMI, physical activity, and alcohol intake were taken into account in the multivariate logistic regression model. There was a dose response relation between aging and risk of CAP among men. Compared with never smokers, current smoking was associated with risk of CAP among men (relative risk, 1.46; 95% confidence interval, 1.00-2.14) and women (relative risk, 1.55; 95% confidence interval, 1.15-2.10). In addition, BMI was directly associated with an increased risk of CAP among women. Compared with the participants who maintained their weight during adulthood, the risks were nearly 2-fold higher among men and women who gained 40 Ib or more (greater than or equal to 18 kg). The risk of CAP decreased with increasing physical activity among women. We also found no significant relation between alcohol intake and risk of CAP among men and women.Conclusions: Smoking and excessive weight gain are risk factors for CAP among men and women, and physical activity was inversely associated with risk of CAP only among women. The incidence of CAP could possibly be decreased by lifestyle factors.