Biogeochemical processes and geotechnical applications: progress, opportunities and challenges
Biogeochemical processes and geotechnical applications: progress, opportunities and challenges
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生物地球化学过程和岩土应用：进展、机遇和挑战
DOI：
10.1680/geot.sip13.p.017
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发表时间：
2013-03-01
期刊：
影响因子：
5.8
通讯作者：
Weaver, T.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Dejong, J. T.;Soga, K.;Weaver, T.
考虑到土壤是一个有生命的生态系统，为岩土工程问题提供了创新和可持续解决方案的潜力。这是许多岩土工程领域的新范例。实现这种模式的潜力需要一种多学科的方法，包括生物学和地球化学，以开发有益的地面改造技术。本文评估了这一新兴领域的进展、机遇和挑战。生物介导的地球化学过程是由地下微生物调节的地球化学反应组成的，目前正在探索的过程包括矿物沉淀、气体生成、生物膜形成和生物聚合物生成。对于每一个过程，地下微生物过程都被用来创造一个有利于矿物、有机物、孔隙流体和构成土壤的气体之间所需的地球化学反应的环境。目前正在探索的岩土技术应用包括加强砂土胶结以增强承载能力和抗液化能力、固碳、控制土壤侵蚀、控制地下水流动以及修复受金属和放射性核素影响的土壤和地下水。生物介导的地面改造面临的挑战包括从实验室到现场的升级过程，对反应、反应产物和特性的现场监测，开发综合生物地球化学和岩土工程模型，处理副产品的管理，建立过程的耐久性和寿命/可逆性，以及工程师和研究人员的教育。
Consideration of soil as a living ecosystem offers the potential for innovative and sustainable solutions to geotechnical problems. This is a new paradigm for many in geotechnical engineering. Realising the potential of this paradigm requires a multidisciplinary approach that embraces biology and geochemistry to develop techniques for beneficial ground modification. This paper assesses the progress, opportunities, and challenges in this emerging field. Biomediated geochemical processes, which consist of a geochemical reaction regulated by subsurface microbiology, currently being explored include mineral precipitation, gas generation, biofilm formation and biopolymer generation. For each of these processes, subsurface microbial processes are employed to create an environment conducive to the desired geochemical reactions among the minerals, organic matter, pore fluids, and gases that constitute soil. Geotechnical applications currently being explored include cementation of sands to enhance bearing capacity and liquefaction resistance, sequestration of carbon, soil erosion control, groundwater flow control, and remediation of soil and groundwater impacted by metals and radionuclides. Challenges in biomediated ground modification include upscaling processes from the laboratory to the field, in situ monitoring of reactions, reaction products and properties, developing integrated biogeochemical and geotechnical models, management of treatment by-products, establishing the durability and longevity/reversibility of the process, and education of engineers and researchers.