Effects of relative humidity during the last five days of incubation and brooding temperature on performance of broiler chicks from young broiler breeders
Effects of relative humidity during the last five days of incubation and brooding temperature on performance of broiler chicks from young broiler breeders
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DOI：
10.1093/ps/79.10.1385
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发表时间：
2000-10-01
期刊：
影响因子：
4.4
通讯作者：
Peebles, ED
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bruzual, JJ;Peak, SD;Peebles, ED
将肉鸡孵化蛋从0至16 d置于一种RH条件（53%RH）下，并从16 d的转移到21.67 d的取出时间切换到三种不同RH条件（43、53或63%）中的一种。在实验1中，试验1的肉种鸡年龄为27、29和31周龄，试验2的肉种鸡年龄为26、28和30周龄。对于这两个试验，BW孵化，BW在拉，孵化时间，孵化和拉之间的小鸡体重损失进行了测量。打开所有未孵化的卵，并进行肉眼检查。使用实验1中生产的雏鸡进行实验2。在牵拉后立即将小鸡放置，并在试验1中通过RH处理按性别随机分配到育雏围栏中，在试验2中按性别、RH和育雏温度随机分配到育雏围栏中。在试验2中使用了两种育雏条件，温暖和凉爽。记录了放置时的体重、12日龄的增重、饲料转化率和死亡率。RH处理对可育孵化率没有影响。体重在孵化，拉，和安置增加母鸡年龄。死亡率较高的孵化后期的小鸡在温暖的育雏条件下，在试验1和2的实验2，而死亡率显着更大的早期孵化的小鸡和那些小鸡孵化在43%RH下的冷育雏温度条件。在温暖育雏条件下，相对湿度处理对雏鸡的生产性能没有影响。与冷育雏条件相比，热育雏条件将BW增益提高到12 d。总体而言，在53%RH下实现了最佳小鸡性能。鸡的质量问题，可能是由于高或低的RH在孵化过程中，可以改善适当的育雏条件。
Broiler hatching eggs were subjected to one RH condition (53% RH) from 0 to 16 d and switched to one of three different RH conditions (43, 53, or 63%) from transfer at 16 d to pull time at 21.67 d of incubation. The broiler breeder ages were 27, 29, and 31 wk for Trial 1, and 26, 28, and 30 wk for Trial 2 in Experiment 1. For both trials, BW at hatch, BW at pull, hatch time, and chick weight loss between hatching and pull were measured. All unhatched eggs were opened and examined macroscopically. Experiment 2 was conducted using the chicks produced in Experiment 1. The chicks were immediately placed after pull and randomly distributed by sex into brooding pens by RH treatment in Trial 1, and by sex, RH, and brooding temperature in Trial 2. Two brooding conditions, warm and cool, were used in Trial 2. Body weight at placement, BW gain to 12 d, feed conversion, and mortality were recorded.There was no effect of RH treatment on fertile hatchability. Body weight at hatch, pull, and placement increased with hen age. Mortality was higher for the late-hatching chicks in the warm brooding conditions in Trials 1 and 2 of Experiment 2, whereas mortality was significantly greater for the early-hatching chicks and those chicks hatched at 43% RH under the cool-brooding temperature conditions. Relative humidity treatment had no effect on chick performance in the presence of warm brooding conditions. Warm brooding conditions improved BW gain to 12 d compared with cold brooding conditions. Overall, optimal chick performance was achieved at 53% RH. Chick quality problems that may be due to high or low RH during incubation can be ameliorated by proper brooding conditions.