Reconstitution and mechanistic dissection of the human microtubule branching machinery.

Reconstitution and mechanistic dissection of the human microtubule branching machinery.
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人体微管分支机器的重建和机械解剖

DOI:
10.1083/jcb.202109053
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发表时间:
2022-07-04
期刊:
The Journal of cell biology
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张某等人。利用天然的和重组的人Augmin-γ-TURC复合体重建分支微管成核,并强调接头蛋白NEDD1CDK1/PLK1介导的磷酸化在这一过程中的重要性。这项研究还揭示了一种新的γ-TURC激活依赖于Augmin寡聚的机制。分支微管(MT)的成核是由Augmin复合体和γ-微管蛋白环复合体(γ-TURC)介导的。然而,这两个复合体如何共同推动这一进程仍然难以捉摸。在这里,使用来自天然和重组来源的纯化成分,我们证明了人增强蛋白和γ-TURC足以重建最小的MT分支机制,其中NEDD1桥接在γ-TURC的GCP3/MZT1亚复合体和GCP3/MZT1亚复合体之间。单分子实验表明,Augmin的齐聚作用可能激活了分支机制。我们提供了直接的生化证据,证明CDK1和PLK1依赖的磷酸化对于NEDD1与Augmin结合,对于它们协同的MT结合活性,从而对于分支MT成核是至关重要的。此外,我们还揭示了NEDD1通过其WD40结构域对MTS具有意想不到的内在亲和力,该结构域在分支过程中也发挥着关键作用。综上所述,我们的研究提供了对人类细胞中分支MT成核的潜在机制的全面了解。
Zhang et al. reconstitute branching microtubule nucleation using native and recombinant human augmin–γ-TuRC complex and highlight the importance of the adaptor protein NEDD1 and CDK1/PLK1-mediated phosphorylation in this process. This study also unravels a novel augmin’s oligomerization-dependent mechanism for γ-TuRC activation. Branching microtubule (MT) nucleation is mediated by the augmin complex and γ-tubulin ring complex (γ-TuRC). However, how these two complexes work together to promote this process remains elusive. Here, using purified components from native and recombinant sources, we demonstrate that human augmin and γ-TuRC are sufficient to reconstitute the minimal MT branching machinery, in which NEDD1 bridges between augmin holo complex and GCP3/MZT1 subcomplex of γ-TuRC. The single-molecule experiment suggests that oligomerization of augmin may activate the branching machinery. We provide direct biochemical evidence that CDK1- and PLK1-dependent phosphorylation are crucial for NEDD1 binding to augmin, for their synergistic MT-binding activities, and hence for branching MT nucleation. In addition, we unveil that NEDD1 possesses an unanticipated intrinsic affinity for MTs via its WD40 domain, which also plays a pivotal role in the branching process. In summary, our study provides a comprehensive understanding of the underlying mechanisms of branching MT nucleation in human cells.
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