Xenophobia in the time of pandemic: othering, anti-Asian attitudes, and COVID-19
Xenophobia in the time of pandemic: othering, anti-Asian attitudes, and COVID-19
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DOI：
10.1080/21565503.2020.1769693
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发表时间：
2020-05-28
影响因子：
1.8
通讯作者：
Barreto, Matt A.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Reny, Tyler T.;Barreto, Matt A.
2020年初，随着美国和世界各地新冠肺炎病例数量的上升，美国的保守派精英将这场大流行定为种族主义，将冠状病毒称为“中国流感”或“武汉病毒”。现有研究表明，将这种病毒大流行与一个社会群体联系起来，将“激活”大众中的反亚洲态度，有助于将这些态度转化为与新冠肺炎相关的行为和态度。尽管坊间有证据表明，西方国家针对亚洲人的歧视行为激增，但几乎没有经验证据支持这一“他者”假设。利用以国家人口统计学为基准的大型调查(n=4311)，我们分析了对亚裔美国人的态度、仇外心理、对感染冠状病毒的担忧以及各种行为结果和政策态度之间的关系。我们发现有证据表明，反亚洲的态度与对病毒的担忧有关，但也与排外行为和政策偏好有关。这些关系是亚裔美国人独特的态度，与对其他外部群体的态度无关，也不支持各种安慰剂结果。总之，我们的发现表明，在疫情大流行的早期阶段，反亚洲的态度被激活了，并与新冠肺炎的各种态度和行为有关。
As the number of COVID-19 cases rose in the US and around the world in early 2020, conservative elites in the US racialized the pandemic, referring to the coronavirus as the "Chinese flu" or the "Wuhan virus." Existing research suggests that this linking of the viral pandemic to a social group will "activate" anti-Asian attitudes in the mass public, helping bring those attitudes to bear on behaviors and attitudes related to COVID-19. Despite anecdotal evidence of a spike in discriminatory behavior targeted at Asians across western countries, little empirical evidence for this "othering" hypothesis exists. Using a large survey (n = 4311) benchmarked to national demographics, we analyze the relationship between attitudes toward Asian Americans, xenophobia, concern about contracting the coronavirus, and a variety of behavioral outcomes and policy attitudes. We find evidence that anti-Asian attitudes are associated with concern about the virus but also with xenophobic behaviors and policy preferences. These relationships are unique to Asian American attitudes, are not related to attitudes toward other outgroups, and do not hold for a variety of placebo outcomes. Together our findings suggest that anti-Asian attitudes were activated and were associated with a variety of COVID-19 attitudes and behaviors in the early stages of the pandemic.