Telehealth and cardiometabolic-based chronic disease: optimizing preventive care in forcibly displaced migrant populations.
Telehealth and cardiometabolic-based chronic disease: optimizing preventive care in forcibly displaced migrant populations.
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DOI：
10.1186/s41043-023-00418-x
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发表时间：
2023-09-04
期刊：
影响因子：
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全球范围内的移民人数正在不断增加，其中包括被迫流离失所的难民、寻求庇护者和无证人员。全球移民人口的医疗状况和脆弱性存在差异，原因包括原籍国非最佳代谢风险因素（例如异常肥胖、血糖异常、高血压和血脂异常）、不利的旅行条件以及由此产生的压力、贫困和焦虑，以及目的地国文化适应和获得医疗服务的不同影响。因此，这些移民中的许多人患心血管疾病的风险很高，并面临着克服经济和卫生系统障碍以获得优质医疗保健的重大挑战。在东道国，医疗保健专业人员在为移民提供护理时遇到困难，包括文化和语言障碍以及机构能力有限，特别是对于那些没有合法身份的移民。远程医疗是一种有效的策略，主要通过促进健康的生活方式改变和药物治疗调整来减轻心脏代谢危险因素。在这篇描述性综述中，探讨了远程医疗在预防心脏代谢疾病的发生和进展中的作用，特别关注被迫流离失所的移民的 2 型糖尿病和高血压。到目前为止，很少有研究表明适应文化的远程医疗服务可以减轻 T2D 和 HTN 的负担。尽管研究存在局限性，但远程医疗的结果与传统医疗保健的结果相当，其优点是为被迫流离失所的移民等难以接触到的人群提供了更好的服务，并降低了医疗保健相关成本。需要进行更多前瞻性研究，实施远程医疗策略来治疗流动人口的心脏代谢疾病负担。
The number of migrants, which includes forcibly displaced refugees, asylum seekers, and undocumented persons, is increasing worldwide. The global migrant population is heterogeneous in terms of medical conditions and vulnerability resulting from non-optimal metabolic risk factors in the country of origin (e.g., abnormal adiposity, dysglycemia, hypertension, and dyslipidemia), adverse travel conditions and the resulting stress, poverty, and anxiety, and varying effects of acculturation and access to healthcare services in the country of destination. Therefore, many of these migrants develop a high risk for cardiovascular disease and face the significant challenge of overcoming economic and health system barriers to accessing quality healthcare. In the host countries, healthcare professionals experience difficulties providing care to migrants, including cultural and language barriers, and limited institutional capacities, especially for those with non-legal status. Telehealth is an effective strategy to mitigate cardiometabolic risk factors primarily by promoting healthy lifestyle changes and pharmacotherapeutic adjustments. In this descriptive review, the role of telehealth in preventing the development and progression of cardiometabolic disease is explored with a specific focus on type 2 diabetes and hypertension in forcibly displaced migrants. Until now, there are few studies showing that culturally adapted telehealth services can decrease the burden of T2D and HTN. Despite study limitations, telehealth outcomes are comparable to those of traditional health care with the advantages of having better accessibility for difficult-to-reach populations such as forcibly displaced migrants and reducing healthcare associated costs. More prospective studies implementing telemedicine strategies to treat cardiometabolic disease burden in migrant populations are needed.
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通讯作者：
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DOI：
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期刊：
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