ECOLOGICAL DISTRIBUTION OF THE SALAMANDERS GYRINOPHILUS AND PSEUDOTRITON IN A SOUTHERN APPALACHIAN WATERSHED
ECOLOGICAL DISTRIBUTION OF THE SALAMANDERS GYRINOPHILUS AND PSEUDOTRITON IN A SOUTHERN APPALACHIAN WATERSHED
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南阿巴拉契亚流域中嗜回蝾螈和拟蝾螈的生态分布
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发表时间：
2003
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影响因子：
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通讯作者：
R. Bruce
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
R. Bruce
半活线多齿蝾螈（Gyrinophilus porphyriticus， Pseudotriton montanus和P. ruber）的溪流型幼虫在色素沉着和身体比例上表现出微妙的种间差异。通过对蓝岭地理省南部查图加河流域这些物种幼虫的生态分布和栖息地亲和性的评估，验证了形态差异与栖息地选择适应性多样化相关的假设。在一个单一的栖息地，即三级河流洪泛平原的洼地沼泽中，观察到蒙特假海虱。P. ruber和G. porphyriticus对泉水均有亲和性，但P. ruber在高阶溪流和小池塘中分布更广。在春季，卟啉螯虾的幼虫表现出更大的对流变烯的偏好，并倾向于在这些栖息地的粗糙基质中挖洞；相比之下，橡胶树的幼虫多见于基质较细的limnocreens和helocreens，通常在腐叶或地表岩石和原木下观察到。本文所记录的生境关联和行为强化了之前关于三种幼虫形态变化的适应性意义的解释。
The stream-type larval forms of the hemidactyliine plethodontid salamanders Gyrinophilus porphyriticus, Pseudotriton montanus, and P. ruber show subtle interspecific variation in pigmentation and body proportions. I tested the hypothesis that morphological divergence is correlated with adaptive diversification in habitat selection by evaluating the ecological distribution and habitat affinities of larvae of these species in the Chattooga River watershed of the southern Blue Ridge Physiographic Province. Pseudotriton montanus was observed in a single habitat, a bottomland swamp in the floodplain of a third-order stream. Both G. porphyriticus and P. ruber showed an affinity for springs, although the latter had a wider distribution in higher-order streams and small ponds. In springs, larvae of G. porphyriticus showed a greater preference for rheocrenes and a proclivity for burrowing in the coarse substrates of these habitats; in contrast, larvae of P. ruber were more common in limnocrenes and helocrenes, which have finer substrates, and were usually observed among decaying leaves or beneath surface rocks and logs. The habitat associations and behaviors documented herein reinforce earlier interpretations of the adaptive significance of morphometric variation among larvae of the three species.