NORMAL AGING AND PROSPECTIVE MEMORY
NORMAL AGING AND PROSPECTIVE MEMORY
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DOI：
10.1037/0278-7393.16.4.717
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发表时间：
1990-07-01
影响因子：
2.6
通讯作者：
MCDANIEL, MA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
EINSTEIN, GO;MCDANIEL, MA
我们开发了一个研究前瞻记忆的实验室范例，并检查这种类型的记忆是否对老年人特别困难。在两个实验中，年轻人和老年人分别接受了前瞻性记忆测试（他们被要求在目标事件发生时执行一个动作）和三个回顾性记忆测试（短期记忆、自由回忆和识别）。从衰老主要破坏自我启动的检索过程的角度来看，预期前瞻记忆的大幅年龄相关下降。然而，尽管在回顾性记忆测试中显示出可靠的年龄差异，但两项实验都显示在前瞻性记忆中没有年龄缺陷。此外，回归分析没有发现前瞻性和回顾性记忆任务之间的可靠关系。实验还表明，外部辅助和不熟悉的目标事件有利于前瞻记忆的表现。这些结果表明前瞻性记忆和回顾性记忆之间存在一些基本差异。（PsycINFO数据库记录(c) 2016 APA，版权所有）
We develop a laboratory paradigm for studying prospective memory and examine whether or not this type of memory is especially difficult for the elderly. In two experiments, young and old subjects were given a prospective memory test (they were asked to perform an action when a target event occurred) and three tests of retrospective memory (short-term memory, free recall, and recognition). From the perspective that aging disrupts mainly self-initiated retrieval processes, large age-related decrements in prospective memory were anticipated. However, despite showing reliable age differences on retrospective memory tests, both experiments showed no age deficits in prospective memory. Moreover, regression analyses produced no reliable relation between the prospective and retrospective memory tasks. Also, the experiments showed that external aids and unfamiliar target events benefit prospective memory performance. These results suggest some basic differences between prospective and retrospective memory.(PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2016 APA, all rights reserved)