Concentrations of cocaine and its major metabolite benzoylecgonine in blood samples from apprehended drivers in Sweden
Concentrations of cocaine and its major metabolite benzoylecgonine in blood samples from apprehended drivers in Sweden
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DOI：
10.1016/j.forsciint.2007.11.009
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发表时间：
2008-05-20
影响因子：
2.2
通讯作者：
Kugelberg, F. C.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Jones, A. W.;Holmgren, A.;Kugelberg, F. C.
在2000年至2004年的5年时间里，瑞典因吸毒驾车被捕(DUID)的人的血液样本中检测了可卡因及其主要代谢物苯甲酰ecGonine(BZE)。如果有静脉血或尿液，则对大麻、可卡因代谢物、苯丙胺、鸦片类药物和主要的苯二氮卓类药物进行广泛的毒理学筛选分析。采用气相色谱-质谱法(GC-MS)对血液中的可卡因和苯乙醇胺进行了验证和定量分析，检出限均为0.02 mg/L。在研究期间，分析了26567份血液样本，其中795例(3%)证实了可卡因和/或BZE。使用可卡因的驾车者主要是男性(96%)，平均年龄28.3+/-7.1岁(标准差，S.D.)。BZE平均浓度为0.19 mg/L，中位浓度为0.12 mg/L，最高浓度为1.3 mg/L，但有574例可卡因浓度低于LOQ。血样中可卡因和苯丙氨酸的中位浓度分别为0.076 mg/L(0.05 mg/L)和0.859 mg/L(0.7 mg/L)。BZE的浓度始终高于母药；BZE/可卡因的平均比率为14.2(中位数10.9)，范围为1-55。N=61例中仅有可卡因和苯丙氨酸为精神活性物质，可卡因的中位数和最高浓度分别为0.095.0 1(0.0 7)和0.5 mg/L，苯丙氨酸为1.0 1(0.70)和3.1 mg/L。被逮捕的警察注意到的毒品影响的典型迹象包括充血和光滑的眼睛，激动，难以安静地坐着，说话不连贯。(C)2007爱思唯尔爱尔兰有限公司。保留所有权利。
Cocaine and its major metabolite benzoylecgonine (BZE) were determined in blood samples from people arrested in Sweden for driving under the influence of drugs (DUID) over a 5-year period (2000-2004). Venous blood or urine if available, was subjected to a broad toxicological screening analysis for cannabis, cocaine metabolite, amphetamines, opiates and the major benzodiazepines. Verification and quantitative analysis of cocaine and BZE in blood was done by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) at limits of quantitation (LOQ) of 0.02 mg/L for both substances. Over the study period 26,567 blood samples were analyzed and cocaine and/or BZE were verified in 795 cases (3%). The motorists using cocaine were predominantly men (>96%) with an average age of 28.3 +/- 7.1 years ( standard deviation, S.D.). The concentration of cocaine was below LOQ in 574 cases although BZE was determined at mean, median and highest concentrations of 0.19 mg/L, 0.12 mg/L and 1.3 mg/L, respectively. In 221 cases, cocaine and BZE were together in the blood samples at mean and (median) concentrations of 0.076 mg/L (0.05 mg/L) and 0.859 mg/L (0.70 mg/L), respectively. The concentrations of BZE were always higher than the parent drug; mean BZE/cocaine ratio 14.2 (median 10.9) range 1-55. Cocaine and BZE were the only psychoactive substances reported in N = 61 cases at mean (median) and highest concentrations of 0.095 (0.07) and 0.5 mg/L for cocaine and 1.01 (0.70) and 3.1 mg/L for BZE. Typical signs of drug influence noted by the arresting police officers included bloodshot and glossy eyes, agitation, difficulty in sitting still and incoherent speech. (C) 2007 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.