Impact of a 30% reduction in Atlantic meridional overturning during 2009-2010
Impact of a 30% reduction in Atlantic meridional overturning during 2009-2010
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DOI：
10.5194/os-10-683-2014
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发表时间：
2014-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
3.2
通讯作者：
McDonagh, E. L.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bryden, H. L.;King, B. A.;McDonagh, E. L.
大西洋纬向翻转环流包括温暖的上层沃茨向北流动，变得更冷和更密集，直到它们在拉布拉多海和北欧海形成深水，然后通过北大西洋和南大西洋向南返回。与该环流相关的海洋热传输为1.3 PW，占平衡地球辐射预算所需的最大大气-海洋热传输的25%。自2004年以来，我们一直在监测北纬25度的环流。在2009-2010年期间，14个月的环流减缓了30%，使25度N向北的海洋热量输送减少了0.4 PW，导致25度N以北的上层海洋沃茨较冷，25度N以南的沃茨较暖。上层海洋温度异常的空间格局有助于推动2010-2011年冬季环流进入创纪录的低负NAO（北大西洋涛动）条件，伴随着欧洲西北部的严冬条件。2010年夏季，北纬25度以南的温暖气温促成了高强度飓风季节。
The Atlantic meridional overturning circulation comprises warm upper waters flowing northward, becoming colder and denser until they form deep water in the Labrador and Nordic Seas that then returns southward through the North and South Atlantic. The ocean heat transport associated with this circulation is 1.3 PW, accounting for 25% of the maximum combined atmosphere-ocean heat transport necessary to balance the Earth's radiation budget. We have been monitoring the circulation at 25 degrees N since 2004. A 30% slowdown in the circulation for 14 months during 2009-2010 reduced northward ocean heat transport across 25 degrees N by 0.4 PW and resulted in colder upper ocean waters north of 25 degrees N and warmer waters south of 25 degrees N. The spatial pattern of upper ocean temperature anomalies helped push the wintertime circulation 2010-2011 into record-low negative NAO (North Atlantic Oscillation) conditions with accompanying severe winter conditions over northwestern Europe. The warmer temperatures south of 25 degrees N contributed to the high intensity hurricane season in summer 2010.