Nanoscale magnetic imaging of a single electron spin under ambient conditions
Nanoscale magnetic imaging of a single electron spin under ambient conditions
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DOI：
10.1038/nphys2543
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发表时间：
2013-04-01
期刊：
影响因子：
19.6
通讯作者：
Yacoby, A.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Grinolds, M. S.;Hong, S.;Yacoby, A.
通过磁共振成像（1）和核磁共振（2，3），在环境条件下检测自旋系综已经彻底改变了生物，化学和物理科学。将传感能力推到单个自旋水平将实现前所未有的应用，例如单分子结构成像;然而，传统的远场共振技术无法检测到来自单个自旋的弱磁场。近年来，已经有相当大的努力来开发纳米级扫描磁力计（5-8），其能够通过使传感器靠近其目标来测量更少的自旋。这些磁力计中最敏感的磁力计通常需要低温操作，但是在环境条件（标准温度和压力）下测量的能力对于许多成像应用（特别是在生物系统中）是至关重要的。在这里，我们展示了检测和纳米级成像的磁场从一个初始化的单电子自旋在环境条件下使用扫描氮空位磁强计。通过确定性地扫描我们的氮空位磁力计50 nm以上的目标电子自旋，同时使用动态解耦磁力测量协议测量局部磁场，获得真实空间，定量磁场图像。我们讨论了这种单自旋检测如何以前所未有的空间分辨率和自旋灵敏度组合来研究凝聚态物理学中的各种室温现象。
The detection of ensembles of spins under ambient conditions has revolutionized the biological, chemical and physical sciences through magnetic resonance imaging(1) and nuclear magnetic resonance(2,3). Pushing sensing capabilities to the individual-spin level would enable unprecedented applications such as single-molecule structural imaging; however, the weak magnetic fields from single spins are undetectable by conventional far-field resonance techniques(4). In recent years, there has been a considerable effort to develop nanoscale scanning magnetometers(5-8), which are able to measure fewer spins by bringing the sensor in close proximity to its target. The most sensitive of these magnetometers generally require low temperatures for operation, but the ability to measure under ambient conditions (standard temperature and pressure) is critical for many imaging applications, particularly in biological systems. Here we demonstrate detection and nanoscale imaging of the magnetic field from an initialized single electron spin under ambient conditions using a scanning nitrogen-vacancy magnetometer. Real-space, quantitative magnetic-field images are obtained by deterministically scanning our nitrogen-vacancy magnetometer 50 nm above a target electron spin, while measuring the local magnetic field using dynamically decoupled magnetometry protocols. We discuss how this single-spin detection enables the study of a variety of room-temperature phenomena in condensed-matter physics with an unprecedented combination of spatial resolution and spin sensitivity.