Faulting and fault sealing in production simulation models: Brent Province, northern North Sea
Faulting and fault sealing in production simulation models: Brent Province, northern North Sea
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DOI：
10.1144/1354-079306-733
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发表时间：
2007-11-01
影响因子：
1.7
通讯作者：
Huang, Y.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Jolley, S. J.;Dijk, H.;Huang, Y.
断层可以严重地划分生产油藏中的压力和流体，因此在模拟油田生产特征时考虑这些影响是很重要的。北海北部布伦特群油田包含层状良好的砂页岩储层地层的复杂断层并置，以及包含各种流体阻滞断裂岩石产物的断裂带。根据我们的经验，这些断层并置影响了储层中断层分层系统的“管道”以及为模拟它们而建立的模型，实际上，在生产模拟过程中，这些断层并置对压力和流体流动的分区具有一阶敏感性。因此，通过与解释相结合的模型构建，从地震解释到静态地球细胞模型，捕获和验证断层层几何形状的地质可行性是很重要的。同样重要的是，在地球细胞传输到模拟模型的过程中，保留这些几何信息是用于计算断层带属性和断层传导率乘数的关键输入数据，用于模拟断层的流阻滞效应。将这些乘数应用于几何上较弱的模型往往会产生含糊不清或潜在的误导性模拟结果。我们根据正在研究的特定储层或同一地层中邻近类似储层的钻芯中粘土含量和断层岩石渗透率的数据，系统地模拟了透射率乘数，这些数据来自几何稳健模型的升级细胞结构和属性网格。当这些传导率乘数被纳入生产模拟模型时，得到的历史匹配结果比以前更好、更快。当断层岩石数据来自与所研究的储层具有相似埋藏-应变历史的岩石时，结果尤其得到加强。
Faults can severely compartmentalize pressures and fluids in producing reservoirs, and it is therefore important to take these effects into account when modelling field production characteristics. The Brent Group fields, northern North Sea, contain a complex arrangement of fault juxtapositions of a well-layered sand-shale reservoir stratigraphy, and fault zones containing a variety of fluid flow-retarding fault rock products. It has been our experience that these fault juxtapositions impact the 'plumbing' of the faulted layering system in the reservoirs and the models that are built to mimic them-and are, in fact, a first-order sensitivity on compartmentalization of pressures and fluid flow during production simulation. It is important, therefore, to capture and validate the geological feasibility of fault-horizon geometries, from the seismic interpretation through to the static geocellular model, by model building in conjunction with the interpretation. It is then equally important to preserve this geometrical information during geocellular transfer to the simulation model, where it is critical input data used for calculation of fault zone properties and fault transmissibility multipliers, used to mimic the flow-retarding effects of faults. Application of these multipliers to geometrically weak models tends to produce ambiguous or otherwise potentially misleading simulation results. We have systematically modelled transmissibility multipliers from the upscaled cellular structure and property grids of geometrically robust models-with reference to data on clay content and permeability of fault rocks present within drill core from the particular reservoir under study, or from similar nearby reservoirs within the same stratigraphy. Where these transmissibility multipliers have been incorporated into the production simulation models, the resulting history matches are far better and quicker than had been achieved previously. The results are particularly enhanced where the fault rock data are drawn from rocks that have experienced a similar burial-strain history to the reservoir under study.