The role and impact of mental simulation in design
The role and impact of mental simulation in design
复制标题
心理模拟在设计中的作用和影响
DOI：
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发表时间：
2009
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
C. Schunn
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Bo T. Christensen;C. Schunn
虽然心理模拟的理论使用了不同的“思想实验”的前提公式，但它们可以适用于一个最低限度的假设，即心理模拟是在不确定的情况下运行的，以将不确定性转化为近似答案。利用工程设计中的自然主义数据对心理模拟的三个基本假设进行了检验。结果表明：（1）心理模拟的初始表征比基本速率不确定性高，（2）模拟运行后心理模拟的不确定性降低，（3）心理模拟的结果表征比基本速率或初始表征更接近。此外，还审查了外部表征系统（草图和原型）的参考。结果发现，与草图或不支持的认知相比，原型具有较少的技术/功能模拟。虽然原型与更多的近似比不支持的认知，不同的外部表征类别并没有不同的信息不确定性。结果支持心理模拟的最低限度假设。版权所有© 2008约翰威利父子有限公司。
SUMMARY Although theories of mental simulations have used different formulations of the premises of ‘thought experiments’, they can be fitted under a minimalist hypothesis stating that mental simulations are run under situations of uncertainty to turn that uncertainty into approximate answers. Three basic assumptions of mental simulations were tested by using naturalistic data from engineering design. Results from the design protocols showed (1) initial representations in mental simulations was higher than base-rate uncertainty, (2) uncertainty in mental simulations were lowered after simulation runs, (3) resulting representations had more approximations than base-rate or initial representations. Further, the reference to external representational systems (sketches and prototypes) was examined. It was found that prototypes had fewer technical/functional simulations compared to sketches or unsupported cognition. Although prototypes were associated with more approximation than unsupported cognition, the different external representation categories did not differ in information uncertainty. The results support the minimalist hypothesis of mental simulations. Copyright # 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.