Combined Effect of Nutrient and Pest Management on Soil Ecological Quality in Hybrid Rice Double—Cropping System
Combined Effect of Nutrient and Pest Management on Soil Ecological Quality in Hybrid Rice Double—Cropping System
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发表时间：
2003
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通讯作者：
Liaomin;Xiesiaomei;A.Subhani
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作者：
Liaomin;Xiesiaomei;A.Subhani
在一年两熟杂交水稻种植模式下，采用无机肥料（NPK）和农药（除草剂、杀虫剂、杀菌剂等）单独或配合施用，并在不同生育期取样，研究了不同养分和病虫害管理措施对土壤有机质、微生物生物量及其活性参数的影响。在水稻的不同作物生长阶段的电子传递系统（ETS）的活性测定一致的增加。与对照相比，化肥（NPK）单独使用或与农药一起使用增加了ETS活性，而与农药单独使用相比，ETS活性下降。随着作物生长阶段的推进，土壤酚含量几乎呈增加趋势，而单独使用农药导致土壤酚含量增加最大。在两种作物的不同生长阶段，施用化肥和/或农药后，土壤蛋白质含量几乎保持稳定。但在不同的生长阶段注意到显着的变化，可能是由于在特定阶段的水分和温度的波动，这可能是他们对氮矿化的影响。随着作物生长阶段的推进，磷脂含量明显减少，而化肥和/或农药的掺入也产生了轻微的变化，其中与对照相比，单独施用农药的下降幅度更大。
The mineral fertilizers (NPK) and pesticide, including herbicides, insecticides and fungicides, were applied alone or in combination and the soil sampling was done at different growth stages during the crop cycle to study the changes in soil organic matter, microbial biomass and their activity parameters in a paddy soil with different nutrient and pest management practices in a hybrid rice double-cropping system. A consistent increase in the electron transport system (ETS) activity was measured during the different crop growth stages of rice. The use of fertilizers (NPK) alone or with pesticides increased ETS activity, while a decline of ETS activity was noticed with pesticides alone as compared with the control. Nearly an increasing trend in soil phenol content was observed with the progression of crop growth stages, while the usage of pesticides alone caused maximum increments in the soil phenol content. The soil protein content was found nearly stable with fertilizers and/or pesticides application at various growth stages in both crops taken. But notable changes were noticed at different growth stages probably because of fluctuations in moisture and temperature at particular stages, which might have their effects on N mineralization. Marked depletions in the phospholipid content were found with the advancement of crop growth stages, while the incorporation of fertilizers and/or pesticides also produced slight changes, in which a higher decline was noticed with pesticide application alone compared with the control.