The optimal sex ratio in cooperatively breeding populations
The optimal sex ratio in cooperatively breeding populations
复制标题
合作繁殖群体的最佳性别比
DOI：
10.1007/s11434-014-0565-2
复制
发表时间：
2014-08
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Ruiwu Wang
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Yaqiang Wang;Yaotang Li;Ruiwu Wang
在一些合作繁殖的物种中，年长的兄弟姐妹留在他们的家庭范围内，通过提供保护或食物来帮助他们的父母抚养年幼的兄弟姐妹。以前试图模拟这类物种的人口性别比的尝试都假设帮助是免费的，只涉及父母的利益，导致后代性别比偏向于帮助性别。然而，父母也可能要支付抚养帮工的费用。我们将帮助预测后代性别比例的成本和收益纳入了一个理论模型。我们的模型表明，进化稳定策略（ESS）的性别比强烈依赖于三个参数：（1）每个女性的平均帮手数量;（2）帮手为其母亲的后代生产带来的好处（MOP）;（3）帮助的成本效益比。当一个性别的哥哥姐姐提供帮助时，如果MOP成本低于收益，ESS性别比偏向于帮助性别，（即，成本效益比<1）。然而，如果MOP的成本超过收益，ESS的性别比例就会偏向于非帮助性性别（即，成本效益比>1）。此外，我们的模型表明，ESS的性别比例变得偏向于更有益的性别时，男性和女性的哥哥姐姐提供帮助。这些结果解释了为什么在某些物种中，性别比例可能偏向于帮助性性别，以及非帮助性性别。
In some cooperatively breeding species, elder siblings remain within their home ranges to assist their parents in raising their younger siblings by providing protection or food. Previous attempts to model the population sex ratios of such species have assumed that helping is cost-free and only involves benefits to parents, resulting in offspring sex ratio biases towards the helping sex. However, parents may also incur costs in maintaining helpers. We incorporated costs and benefits of helping to predict the sex ratio of offspring in a theoretical model. Our model showed that the evolutionary stable strategy (ESS) sex ratio strongly depends on three parameters: (1) the average number of helpers per female; (2) the benefits that a helper brings to its mother’s offspring production (MOP); and (3) the cost-benefit ratio of helping. When one sex of elder siblings provides help, the ESS sex ratio is biased towards the helping sex if MOP costs are less than the benefits, (i.e., the cost-benefit ratio <1). However, the ESS sex ratio becomes biased towards the non-helping sex if MOP costs exceed the benefits (i.e., the cost-benefit ratio >1). Additionally, our model shows that the ESS sex ratio becomes biased in favor of the more helpful sex when both male and female elder siblings provide help. These results explain why sex ratios may become biased towards the helping sex, as well as the non-helping sex, in some species.
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DOI：
10.1007/978-3-642-93067-6_14
发表时间：
1977
期刊：
--
影响因子：
--
作者：
D. E. Matthews
通讯作者：
D. E. Matthews
影响因子：
1.4
作者：
Stubblefield, J. William;Orzack, Steven Hecht
通讯作者：
Orzack, Steven Hecht
DOI：
10.1086/284661
发表时间：
1987-04
期刊：
The American Naturalist
影响因子：
--
作者：
C. M. Lessells;M. Avery
通讯作者：
C. M. Lessells;M. Avery
影响因子：
2.4
作者：
Allainé, D;Brondex, F;Till-Bottraud, I
通讯作者：
Till-Bottraud, I
DOI：
10.1007/978-1-4684-7862-4_22
发表时间：
1976
期刊：
--
影响因子：
--
作者：
John Maynard Smith
通讯作者：
John Maynard Smith