Anastomosis Formation and Nuclear and Protoplasmic Exchange in Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi
Anastomosis Formation and Nuclear and Protoplasmic Exchange in Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi
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DOI：
10.1128/aem.65.12.5571-5575.1999
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发表时间：
1999-12
影响因子：
4.4
通讯作者：
M. Giovannetti;Dario Azzolini;A. S. Citernesi
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
M. Giovannetti;Dario Azzolini;A. S. Citernesi
摘要我们观察了丛枝菌根真菌Glomus mosseae、Glomus caledonium和Glomus intraradices的同一分离物的同一孢子和不同孢子的菌丝之间的融合。接触导致吻合的百分比范围从35%至69%的菌丝从同一胚和34%至90%的菌丝从不同的胚。在同一孢子的菌丝体中，每厘米（长度）菌丝的菌丝数为0.6至1.3个。从相同或不同的芽的Gigaspora rosea和盾孢菌栗的菌丝之间没有观察到融合;没有种间或属间菌丝融合观察。我们用延时和视频增强光学显微镜监测吻合口的形成。我们观察到完全融合的菌丝壁和迁移的质量的粒子在两个方向内的菌丝桥。在G.不透光的Caledonium颗粒以1.8 ± 0.06 μm/s的速度移动。我们观察到核迁移菌丝之间的同一发芽和菌丝之间属于不同的发芽同一隔离的三个球囊属物种。我们的工作表明，遗传交换可能会发生在融合形成过程中的细胞核混合，并开辟了研究营养体的兼容性在自然种群的丛枝菌根真菌。
ABSTRACT We observed anastomosis between hyphae originating from the same spore and from different spores of the same isolate of the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi Glomus mosseae, Glomus caledonium, and Glomus intraradices. The percentage of contacts leading to anastomosis ranged from 35 to 69% in hyphae from the same germling and from 34 to 90% in hyphae from different germlings. The number of anastomoses ranged from 0.6 to 1.3 per cm (length) of hyphae in mycelia originating from the same spore. No anastomoses were observed between hyphae from the same or different germlings of Gigaspora rosea and Scutellospora castanea; no interspecific or intergeneric hyphal fusions were observed. We monitored anastomosis formation with time-lapse and video-enhanced light microscopy. We observed complete fusion of hyphal walls and the migration of a mass of particles in both directions within the hyphal bridges. In hyphal bridges of G. caledonium, light-opaque particles moved at the speed of 1.8 ± 0.06 μm/s. We observed nuclear migration between hyphae of the same germling and between hyphae belonging to different germlings of the same isolate of three Glomus species. Our work suggests that genetic exchange may occur through intermingling of nuclei during anastomosis formation and opens the way to studies of vegetative compatibility in natural populations of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi.