Genomic ancestry of the American puma (Puma concolor)
Genomic ancestry of the American puma (Puma concolor)
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DOI：
10.1093/jhered/91.3.186
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发表时间：
2000-05-01
影响因子：
3.1
通讯作者：
O'Brien, SJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Culver, M;Johnson, WE;O'Brien, SJ
美洲狮是一种大型猫科动物，在新大陆陆地哺乳动物中分布最广，从加拿大育空地区到麦哲伦海峡，横跨纬度110度。直到最近的全新世，美洲狮与包括美洲狮在内的各种食肉动物共存（Panthera atrox），北美猎豹（Miracynonyx trumani）和剑齿虎（Smilodon fafalis），315只美洲狮的基因组DNA样本（261个当代标本和54个博物馆标本）收集了三个线粒体基因序列的分子遗传学和系统发育分析（16 S rRNA，ATPase-8和NADH-5）加上复合微卫星基因型（10个猫基因座）。六个不同的地理分组或亚种得到解决，整个北美种群（186个来自15个以前命名的亚种）相对于中美洲和南美洲种群在整体变异上是遗传同质的。线粒体DNA的显著一致性和微卫星等位基因大小扩张的减少表明，北美美洲狮是在最近（大约1万年前的更新世晚期）被少数创始人取代和同化的，这些创始人本身起源于20万至30万年前南美洲东部美洲狮遗传多样性的中心。北美美洲狮的灭绝与晚更新世大规模灭绝事件相吻合，该事件消除了北美80%的大型脊椎动物，并可能使美洲狮从该大陆灭绝。
Puma concolor, a large American cat species, occupies the most extensive range of any New World terrestrial mammal, spanning 110 degrees of latitude from the Canadian Yukon to the Straits of Magellan, Until the recent Holocene, pumas coexisted with a diverse array of carnivores including the American lion (Panthera atrox), the North American cheetah (Miracynonyx trumani), and the saber toothed tiger (Smilodon fafalis), Genomic DNA specimens from 315 pumas of specified geographic origin (261 contemporary and 54 museum specimens) were collected for molecular genetic and phylogenetic analyses of three mitochondrial gene sequences (16S rRNA, ATPase-8, and NADH-5) plus composite microsatellite genotypes (10 feline loci). Six phylogeographic groupings or subspecies were resolved, and the entire North American population (186 individuals from 15 previously named subspecies) was genetically homogeneous in overall variation relative to central and South American populations. The marked uniformity of mtDNA and a reduction in microsatellite allele size expansion indicates that North American pumas derive from a recent (late Pleistocene circa 10,000 years ago) replacement and recolonization by a small number of founders who themselves originated from a centrum of puma genetic diversity in eastern South America 200,000-300,000 years ago. The recolonization of North American pumas was coincident with a massive late Pleistocene extinction event that eliminated 80% of large vertebrates in North America and may have extirpated pumas from that continent as well.