Trajectories of psychological distress among individuals exposed to the 9/11 World Trade Center disaster.
Trajectories of psychological distress among individuals exposed to the 9/11 World Trade Center disaster.
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DOI：
10.1017/s0033291720004912
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发表时间：
2022-10
影响因子：
6.9
通讯作者：
Jacobson, Melanie H.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ko, Tomohiro M.;Alper, Howard E.;Brackbill, Robert H.;Jacobson, Melanie H.
在9/11世贸中心(WTC)灾难期间出现在曼哈顿下城的个人遭受了严重的身体和心理创伤。对暴露在创伤中的人的纵向心理痛苦的研究一直局限于在较小样本中进行相对较短的跟踪调查。目前的研究纵向评估了WTC健康注册登记参与者心理痛苦轨迹的异质性-一项针对受影响地区(N=30839)的响应者、学生、员工、路人和居民的前瞻性队列健康研究-在WTC灾难发生后的15年内。救援/康复状况和9/11创伤事件的暴露，以及社会人口因素和健康状况被评估为心理痛苦轨迹的危险因素。心理困扰轨迹分为五组：不稳定组、低稳定组、中度增加组、中度减少组和高稳定组。在研究样本中，78.2%被归类为不稳定或低稳定组。女性，在9/11事件中年龄较小，教育程度和收入较低，与不稳定组相比，处于更大痛苦轨迹组的可能性更高。与不稳定组相比，暴露在9/11创伤性事件中的更多与更大痛苦轨迹的可能性更高相关，社区成员(路人、居民和员工)更有可能处于更大的痛苦轨迹组-特别是在中等增长的[优势比(OR)2.31(1.97-2.72)]和高稳定组[OR 2.37(1.81-3.09)]。目前的研究说明了9/11世贸中心灾难后心理痛苦轨迹的异质性，并确定了在未来灾难中进行干预的潜在途径。
Individuals present in lower Manhattan during the 9/11 World Trade Center (WTC) disaster suffered from significant physical and psychological trauma. Studies of longitudinal psychological distress among those exposed to trauma have been limited to relatively short durations of follow-up among smaller samples. The current study longitudinally assessed heterogeneity in trajectories of psychological distress among WTC Health Registry enrollees – a prospective cohort health study of responders, students, employees, passersby, and residents in the affected area (N = 30 839) – throughout a 15-year period following the WTC disaster. Rescue/recovery status and exposure to traumatic events of 9/11, as well as sociodemographic factors and health status, were assessed as risk factors for trajectories of psychological distress. Five psychological distress trajectory groups were found: none-stable, low-stable, moderate-increasing, moderate-decreasing, and high-stable. Of the study sample, 78.2% were classified as belonging to the none-stable or low-stable groups. Female sex, being younger at the time of 9/11, lower education and income were associated with a higher probability of being in a greater distress trajectory group relative to the none-stable group. Greater exposure to traumatic events of 9/11 was associated with a higher probability of a greater distress trajectory, and community members (passerby, residents, and employees) were more likely to be in greater distress trajectory groups – especially in the moderate-increasing [odds ratios (OR) 2.31 (1.97–2.72)] and high-stable groups [OR 2.37 (1.81–3.09)] – compared to the none-stable group. The current study illustrated the heterogeneity in psychological distress trajectories following the 9/11 WTC disaster, and identified potential avenues for intervention in future disasters.