Signposts in the Fog: Objects Facilitate Scene Representations in Left Scene-selective Cortex
Signposts in the Fog: Objects Facilitate Scene Representations in Left Scene-selective Cortex
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DOI：
10.1162/jocn_a_01258
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发表时间：
2019-03-01
影响因子：
3.2
通讯作者：
Peelen, Marius V.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Brandman, Talia;Peelen, Marius V.
即使视觉图像中可用的布局信息很少，例如在雾中或黑暗中行走时，我们也会在内部表示周围环境的结构。我们消除此类场景歧义的一种方法是通过物体线索。例如，看到一艘船支持雾场景是湖的推断。最近的研究调查了对象和场景处理相互作用以支持对象感知的神经机制。当前的研究探讨了物体促进场景布局的神经表征的反向相互作用。室内（封闭）和室外（开放）现实世界场景的照片是模糊的，因此它们很难单独分类，但很容易通过包含物体来消除歧义。使用功能磁共振成像解码来测量场景选择性海马旁区域（PPA）和枕骨区域（OPA）的场景表征。分类器经过训练，可以区分对完全可见的室内和室外场景的响应模式，这些场景在独立实验中呈现。在模糊场景上测试这些分类器表明，尽管在这种情况下与训练集的低级视觉特征重叠减少，但当存在对象时，左 PPA 和 OPA 的分类能力有了很大的提高。这些发现针对左侧 PPA/OPA，没有证据表明右侧 PPA/OPA、物体选择区域和早期视觉皮层有物体驱动的促进作用。这些发现证明了左右场景选择皮层在场景表示中的不同作用，其中左 PPA/OPA 代表推断的场景布局，受上下文对象线索的影响，右 PPA/OPA 代表场景的视觉特征。
We internally represent the structure of our surroundings even when there is little layout information available in the visual image, such as when walking through fog or darkness. One way in which we disambiguate such scenes is through object cues; for example, seeing a boat supports the inference that the foggy scene is a lake. Recent studies have investigated the neural mechanisms by which object and scene processing interact to support object perception. The current study examines the reverse interaction by which objects facilitate the neural representation of scene layout. Photographs of indoor (closed) and outdoor (open) real-world scenes were blurred such that they were difficult to categorize on their own but easily disambiguated by the inclusion of an object. fMRI decoding was used to measure scene representations in scene-selective parahippocampal place area (PPA) and occipital place area (OPA). Classifiers were trained to distinguish response patterns to fully visible indoor and outdoor scenes, presented in an independent experiment. Testing these classifiers on blurred scenes revealed a strong improvement in classification in left PPA and OPA when objects were present, despite the reduced low-level visual feature overlap with the training set in this condition. These findings were specific to left PPA/OPA, with no evidence for object-driven facilitation in right PPA/OPA, object-selective areas, and early visual cortex. These findings demonstrate separate roles for left and right scene-selective cortex in scene representation, whereby left PPA/OPA represents inferred scene layout, influenced by contextual object cues, and right PPA/OPA represents a scene's visual features.