Ammonia and Nitric Acid Demands for Fertilizer Use in 2050
Ammonia and Nitric Acid Demands for Fertilizer Use in 2050
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DOI：
10.1021/acsenergylett.1c01614
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发表时间：
2021-09-24
影响因子：
22
通讯作者：
Hatzell, Marta C.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Lim, Jeonghoon;Fernandez, Carlos A.;Hatzell, Marta C.
获得氮基肥料对于最大限度地提高农业产量至关重要，因为氮是最常见的限速营养素。几乎所有氮基肥料都依赖氨和硝酸作为原料，因此对这些化学品的需求严重依赖于全球人口和粮食需求。在未来的三十年里，全球人口将继续决定氨和硝酸的市场规模和价值，这将对我们的能源基础设施产生重大影响。在这里，我们讨论了无碳电催化氮还原，氮氧化和硝酸盐还原的潜力，以满足化肥生产的需求。我们还探讨了各种增长情景，以预测2050年氨和硝酸的市场规模和价值。我们强调，如果目前生产氨和硝酸的方法保持不变，固定肥料原料生产的碳排放量可能超过1300吨（二氧化碳当量）/年，这促使人们强烈需要绿色替代品。
Access to nitrogen-based fertilizers is critical to maximize agricultural yield, as nitrogen is the most common rate-limiting nutrient. Nearly all nitrogen-based fertilizers rely on ammonia and nitric acid as feedstocks, and thus the demand for these chemicals is heavily dependent on the global population and food demand. Over the next three decades, the global population will continue to dictate the market size and value for ammonia and nitric acid, which consequently will have a significant impact on our energy infrastructure. Here, we discuss the potential for carbon-free electrocatalytic nitrogen reduction, nitrogen oxidation, and nitrate reduction to meet fertilizer manufacturing demands. We also explore various growth scenarios to predict the 2050 market size and value for ammonia and nitric acid. We highlight that if the current approaches for manufacturing ammonia and nitric acid remain constant, carbon emissions from the production of fixed fertilizer feedstocks could exceed 1300 Mt(CO2eq)/yr, prompting a strong need for green alternatives.