Perceived social position and health: Is there a reciprocal relationship?
Perceived social position and health: Is there a reciprocal relationship?
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DOI：
10.1016/j.socscimed.2009.11.007
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发表时间：
2010-03-01
影响因子：
5.4
通讯作者：
Garbarski, Dana
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Garbarski, Dana
最近探索社会经济地位与健康之间关系的研究采用了一种心理社会概念，称为感知社会地位作为健康的预测因素。感知的社会地位很可能是一段时间内社会经济特征的“认知平均”（Singh-Manoux、Marmot 和 Adler，2005），并且与其他社会经济因素一样，在整个生命过程中会与健康相互作用。基于健康也会影响感知社会地位的假设，在本文中，我们使用结构方程模型来检验威斯康星州纵向研究（一项针对美国老年人的纵向队列研究）中感知社会地位和三种不同的健康结果是否相互相关。感知社会地位与健康之间的关系在健康结果（自我报告的健康状况、健康公用事业指数和抑郁症状）以及感知社会地位的操作化方面有所不同，与美国人口相比、与一个人的社区相比，以及这两项作为指标的潜在变量。我们发现，当被视为潜在的和美国感知的社会地位时，感知的社会地位会影响自我报告的健康状况，但事实确实如此。自我报告的健康状况与社区感知的社会地位之间的相互关系。感知社会地位与健康公用事业指数之间存在相互关系，抑郁症状会影响感知社会地位的所有运作。研究结果表明，先前研究中假设的因果关系——感知的社会地位影响健康——并不一定在互惠关系的经验模型中成立。未来的研究应该探讨感知的社会地位与健康之间的关系，而不是假设它们之间的因果关系。 (C) 2009 Elsevier Ltd. 保留所有权利。
Recent work exploring the relationship between socioeconomic status and health has employed a psychosocial concept called perceived social position as a predictor of health. Perceived social position is likely the "cognitive averaging" (Singh-Manoux, Marmot, & Adler, 2005) of socioeconomic characteristics over time and, like other socioeconomic factors, is subject to interplay with health over the life course. Based on the hypothesis that health can also affect perceived social position, in this paper we used structural equation modeling to examine whether perceived social position and three different health outcomes were reciprocally related in the Wisconsin Longitudinal Study, a longitudinal cohort study of older adults in the United States. The relationship between perceived social position and health differed across health outcomes-self-reported health, the Health Utilities Index, and depressive symptoms-as well as across operationalizations of perceived social position-compared to the population of the United States, compared to one's community, and a latent variable of which the two items are indicators. We found that perceived social position affected self-reported health when operationalized as latent and US perceived social position, yet there was. a reciprocal relationship between self-reported health and community perceived social position. There was a reciprocal relationship between perceived social position and the Health Utilities Index, and depressive symptoms affected perceived social position for all operationalizations of perceived social position. The findings suggest that the causal relationship hypothesized in prior studies-that perceived social position affects health-does not necessarily hold in empirical models of reciprocal relationships. Future research should interrogate the relationship between perceived social position and health rather than assume the direction of causality in their relationship. (C) 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.