Acibenzolar-S-Methyl Restricts Infection of Nicotiana benthamiana by Plantago Asiatica Mosaic Virus at Two Distinct Stages
Acibenzolar-S-Methyl Restricts Infection of Nicotiana benthamiana by Plantago Asiatica Mosaic Virus at Two Distinct Stages
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DOI：
10.1094/mpmi-03-19-0087-r
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发表时间：
2019-11-01
影响因子：
3.5
通讯作者：
Komatsu, Ken
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Matsuo, Yuki;Novianti, Fawzia;Komatsu, Ken
植物活化剂，包括acibenzolar-S-methyl（ASM），是刺激植物对病原体的防御反应的化合物。ASM处理抑制了多种植物病毒的感染，然而，这种广谱和强烈作用的机制仍然知之甚少。我们采用绿色荧光蛋白（GFP）表达病毒和烟草本塞姆氏植物，以确定感染阶段，限制ASM。ASM抑制三种病毒的感染，车前草花叶病毒（PlamV），马铃薯病毒X（PVX），芜菁花叶病毒（TuMV），在接种的细胞。此外，ASM延迟了PlAMV和PVX的长距离运动，以及TuMV的细胞间（短程）运动。ASM介导的长距离移动的延迟的PlAMV是由于抑制病毒在接种叶片中的积累，表明ASM限制PIAMV感染至少在两个独立的步骤。我们使用拟南芥突变体表明，ASM介导的限制PlAMV感染需要NPR 1基因，但不依赖于RNA沉默所必需的dicer样基因。此外，使用原生质体的实验表明，ASM处理抑制了PlAMV的复制而没有细胞死亡。我们的方法，使用绿色荧光蛋白表达病毒，将是有用的植物激活因子介导的病毒限制的机制分析。
Plant activators, including acibenzolar-S-methyl (ASM), are chemical compounds that stimulate plant defense responses to pathogens. ASM treatment inhibits infection by a variety of plant viruses, however, the mechanisms of this broad-spectrum and strong effect remain poorly understood. We employed green fluorescent protein (GFP)-expressing viruses and Nicotiana benthamiana plants to identify the infection stages that are restricted by ASM. ASM suppressed infection by three viral species, plantago asiatica mosaic virus (PlAMV), potato virus X (PVX), and turnip mosaic virus (TuMV), in inoculated cells. Furthermore, ASM delayed the long-distance movement of PlAMV and PVX, and the cell-to-cell (short range) movement of TuMV. The ASM-mediated delay of long-distance movement of PlAMV was not due to the suppression of viral accumulation in the inoculated leaves, indicating that ASM restricts PIAMV infection in at least two independent steps. We used Arabidopsis thaliana mutants to show that the ASM-mediated restriction of PlAMV infection requires the NPR1 gene but was independent of the dicer-like genes essential for RNA silencing. Furthermore, experiments using protoplasts showed that ASM treatment inhibited PlAMV replication without cell death. Our approach, using GFP-expressing viruses, will be useful for the analysis of mechanisms underlying plant activator-mediated virus restriction.