American Policing and the Danger Imperative.
American Policing and the Danger Imperative.
复制标题
美国警务和危险当务之急。
DOI：
10.1111/lasr.12526
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发表时间：
2021
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
Sierra-Arévalo,Michael
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Sierra-Arévalo,Michael
尽管美国警察的暴力受害率长期下降，但警察工作的危险性继续构成警察的社会化，文化和行为。现有的研究虽然关注警察行为和越轨行为对公众的负面影响，但分析上忽略了警务危险是如何产生伤害警察自身的警官行为的。在三个美国警察部门的民族志观察和访谈，本文介绍了警察是如何非正式和正式的社会化到危险的必要性，强调暴力和需要官员的安全，及其对官员的行为的影响的文化框架。作为通过危险命令介导的感知的结果，官员从事符合政策和政策偏差的行为，以保护自己免受暴力。不幸的是，政策偏离行为，如未经授权的高速驾驶和不系安全带，虽然在安全的名义下是合理的，但会导致灾难性的车祸，造成警察和公众的伤亡。本文最后讨论了看似平凡的政策偏差行为是如何反映警察文化中的假设，这些假设巩固了警察的做法，损害了公众的福祉，并使美国更广泛的不平等永久化。
In spite of long-term declines in the violent victimization of U.S. police officers, the danger of police work continues to structure police socialization, culture, and behavior. Existing research, though attentive to police behavior and deviance that negatively affects the public, analytically ignores how the danger of policing engenders officer behavior that harms police themselves. Drawing on ethnographic observations and interviews in three U.S. police departments, this article describes how police are informally and formally socialized into the danger imperative—a cultural frame that emphasizes violence and the need for officer safety—and its effect on officer behavior. As a result of perception mediated through the danger imperative, officers engage in policy-compliant and policy-deviant behaviors to protect themselves from violence. Unfortunately, policy-deviant behaviors such as unauthorized highspeed driving and not wearing a seatbelt, though justified in the name of safety, lead to catastrophic car accidents that injure and kill both police and members of the public. This article concludes with discussion of how seemingly mundane policy deviant behaviors are a reflection of assumptions within police culture that undergird police practices that damage public wellbeing and perpetuate broader inequalities in U.S. policing.