Risks of species introduced for biological control
Risks of species introduced for biological control
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DOI：
10.1016/0006-3207(96)00027-4
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发表时间：
1996-10-01
影响因子：
5.9
通讯作者：
Stiling, P
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Simberloff, D;Stiling, P
许多生物防治措施的引入对非目标本地物种产生了不利影响。尽管其中许多问题发生在生物防治的早期，但有些问题是最近才出现的。由于对可能受生物防治剂影响的物种、群落和生态系统的监测非常少，已知的问题很可能只是冰山一角。官方批准的用于生物控制的释放的法规不够充分，而且还有私人公民进行的自由不受监管的释放。对保护问题（包括与生物控制相关的问题）进行成本效益分析极其困难，因为很难对物种或生态系统功能的丧失进行评估。生物控制的风险评估很困难，因为预测引入物种对社区和生态系统范围的影响非常困难，而且引入物种会扩散和进化。然而，引入生物防治的成本效益分析和风险评估将产生有益的效果，迫使人们考虑现在经常受到粗略关注的无数因素，并扩大公众对这些问题的理解。版权所有 (C) 1996 由 Elsevier Science Limited 出版
Numerous biological control introductions have adversely affected non-target native species. Although many of these problems occurred in the early days of biological control, some are recent. Because of how little monitoring is done on species, communities, and ecosystems that might be affected by biological control agents, it is quite possible that known problems are the tip of an iceberg. Regulations for officially sanctioned releases for biological control are insufficient, and there are also freelance unregulated releases undertaken by private citizens. Cost-benefit analyses for conservation issues, including those associated with biological control, are exceedingly difficult because it is hard to assign values to the loss of species or ecosystem functions. Risk assessment for biological control is difficult because of how hard it is to predict community- and ecosystem-wide impacts of introduced species and because introduced species disperse and evolve. Nevertheless, cost-benefit analyses and risk assessments for biological control introductions would have the salubrious effect of forcing consideration of myriad factors that now often receive cursory attention and of broadening public understanding of the issues. Copyright (C) 1996 Published by Elsevier Science Limited