Geographic distribution of stem rust resistance in wheat landraces
Geographic distribution of stem rust resistance in wheat landraces
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DOI：
10.2135/cropsci2007.01.0028
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发表时间：
2007-09-01
期刊：
影响因子：
2.3
通讯作者：
Gironella, Ann Inez N.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bonman, J. Michael;Bockelman, Harold E.;Gironella, Ann Inez N.
小麦杆锈病，由禾柄锈菌（Puccinia graminis）引起：Pers f.小麦种& Henn.，由于东非出现了一个新的致命种族，这一问题再次引起关注。普通小麦（Triticum aestivum L.）亚种aestivum）和硬粒小麦（T. [医]圆叶藓属亚种durum）可能是新的抗秆锈病基因的来源。为了更好地针对新小种筛选NSGC地方品种，对NSGC的数据进行了抗性地理分布分析。我们使用的数据来自美国筛选试验的5700地方品种的普通小麦和2719硬质小麦。在埃塞俄比亚、智利、土耳其、波斯尼亚和黑塞哥维那以及前南斯拉夫的邻近地区发现了茎锈病抗性发生率高的地区。在苗期对多个小种的抗性在来自埃塞俄比亚和土耳其的材料中最常见。硬粒小麦的抗性发生频率高于普通小麦。抗硬粒小麦地方品种的高发区分布与普通小麦地方品种相似。一个逻辑回归模型预测抗性普通小麦加入（n = 3607）从10个性状确定了192个以前未经测试的加入大于50%的机会是抗性。根据这一模型和对地理中心的抗性鉴定，将优先考虑加入未来筛选新的茎锈病小种。
Wheat stem rust, caused by Puccinia graminis Pers.:Pers f. sp. tritici Eriks. & Henn., is of renewed concern due to the emergence of a new virulent race in East Africa. Landrace accessions of common wheat (Triticum aestivum L. subsp. aestivum) and durum wheat (T. turgi dum L. subsp. durum) from the National Small Grains Collection (NSGC) could be sources of new stem rust resistance genes. In an effort to better target the screening of NSGC landrace accessions against the new race, data from the NSGC were analyzed for the geographic distribution of resistance. We used data from U.S. screening trials for 5700 landrace accessions of common wheat and 2719 of durum wheat. Areas with a high incidence of stem rust resistance were found in Ethiopia, Chile, Turkey, Bosnia and Herzegovina, and adjacent areas of the former Yugoslavia. Resistance to multiple races at the seedling stage was most frequent in accessions from Ethiopia and Turkey. Resistance in durum wheat was more frequent than resistance in common wheat. The distribution of the areas with high incidence of resistant durum landraces was similar to that for common wheat landraces. A logistic regression model predicting resistance in common wheat accessions (n = 3607) from 10 traits identified 192 previously untested accessions with a greater than 50% chance of being resistant. Based on this model and on the identification of geographic centers for resistance, accessions will be prioritized for future screening against new stem rust races.