Developing a soil quality index to compare soil fitness for agricultural use under different managements in the Mediterranean environment
Developing a soil quality index to compare soil fitness for agricultural use under different managements in the Mediterranean environment
复制标题
DOI：
10.1016/j.still.2013.02.013
复制
发表时间：
2013-06-01
影响因子：
6.5
通讯作者：
Rubino, P.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Armenise, E.;Redmile-Gordon, M. A.;Rubino, P.
由于土地利用压力的增加，对土壤质量评估的需求越来越大，因此制定一套分配土壤质量指数(SQI)的标准程序将是有益的。在这项研究中，通过系统地结合土壤质量指标来确定土壤质量指数，比较了不同管理措施在维持土壤质量(对于作物生产力)方面的有效性。管理措施包括三种种植方式(以小麦为基础的三年轮作、小麦+干豆两熟和连作小麦)、两种留茬管理(焚烧与还田)和三种NPK用量(零、中等和最佳)。土壤理化参数被测量，通过主成分分析(PCA)筛选，归一化，然后整合到加权加法SQI中。种植顺序对土壤pH有显著影响，对植物速效磷有显著影响，以豆科作物为基础的年度轮作，土壤pH值较低，有效磷含量较高。秸秆还田增加了春季土壤的活性氮库，而焚烧残渣产生的灰烬则增加了交换性阳离子的水平。对于任何管理层来说，总氮的变化都是不可检测的。土壤质量指数表明，NPK用量对土壤质量的影响最大。SQI与产量之间的相关性在统计学上不显著，这表明2006年试验点的其他土壤质量指标对产量的影响更大，而本研究没有测量到这些指标。使用本文描述的方法获得的SQI能够综合包含在大型多变量数据集中的复杂信息，因此将有助于在区域和国家尺度上的应用。(C)2013爱思唯尔B.V.保留所有权利。
Due to increasing land-use pressures, soil-quality assessment is in growing demand, thus a standard set of procedures to assign a soil quality index (SQI) would be beneficial. In this study, the effectiveness of different managements in upholding soil quality (for crop productivity) was compared using soil quality indicators incorporated systematically to determine a SQI. The managements included three cropping sequences (wheat based three-year crop rotation, wheat + dry bean double-cropping and continuous wheat), two stubble managements (burning vs. incorporation), and three NPK-rates (nil, intermediate and optimal). Soil physical and chemical parameters were measured, screened through principal component analysis (PCA), normalised, and then integrated into a weighted-additive SQI. Crop sequence significantly affected soil pH and had a measurable effect on plant available P, with lower pH and higher P availability for the legume-based annual rotation. Stubble incorporation enhanced the labile N pool in spring, while ashes generated from burning of residues increased the level of exchangeable cations. Changes in total N were not detectable for any management. The SQI indicated that soil quality was most affected by NPK rate. The correlation between SQI and yield was not statistically significant, suggesting that other soil quality indicators, not measured in this study, were more influential upon yield at the experimental site in 2006. The SQI obtained using the method described herein was able to synthesise the complex information contained in large multivariate data-sets, and therefore would be useful for application at regional and national scales. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.