A crystalline doubly oxidized carbene

A crystalline doubly oxidized carbene
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结晶双氧化卡宾

DOI:
10.1038/s41586-023-06539-x
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发表时间:
2023
期刊:
影响因子:
64.8
通讯作者:
Bertrand, Guy
Bertrand, Guy
中科院分区:
综合性期刊1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Loh, Ying Kai;Melaimi, Mohand;Gembicky, Milan;Munz, Dominik;Bertrand, Guy

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碳的化学性质受八隅体规则支配,即它的价电子层倾向于有八个电子。然而,也存在一些例外,例如,三烷基自由基(Ph3C∙)(参考文献)和碳正离子(Ph3C+)(参考文献)分别具有7个和6个价电子,而碳烯(R2C:) -具有6个价电子的两坐标八隅体对抗物质。卡贝尼现在是化学领域的有力工具,甚至在材料和医学科学中也有应用。我们能否通过去除非成键电子来进一步剥去碳烯?在这里,我们描述了一个结晶双氧化卡宾(R2C2+)的合成,通过双电子氧化/氧化离子萃取顺序从一个富电子卡宾。尽管具有积云结构和强烈的正电荷离域,但配位碳中心仍保持着显著的亲电性,并具有两个可达的空轨道。双电子还原/去质子化序列再生母碳,完全符合其描述为双氧化碳。这项工作表明,使用体积大的强电子给体取代基可以同时赋予中心碳原子上的两个空轨道电子稳定和空间保护,为分离各种双氧化碳烯铺平了道路。
The chemistry of carbon is governed by the octet rule, which refers to its tendency to have eight electrons in its valence shell. However, a few exceptions do exist, for example, the trityl radical (Ph3C∙) (ref. ) and carbocation (Ph3C+) (ref. ) with seven and six valence electrons, respectively, and carbenes (R2C:)—two-coordinate octet-defying species with formally six valence electrons. Carbenes are now powerful tools in chemistry, and have even found applications in material and medicinal sciences. Can we undress the carbene further by removing its non-bonding electrons? Here we describe the synthesis of a crystalline doubly oxidized carbene (R2C2+), through a two-electron oxidation/oxide-ion abstraction sequence from an electron-rich carbene. Despite a cumulenic structure and strong delocalization of the positive charges, the dicoordinate carbon centre maintains significant electrophilicity, and possesses two accessible vacant orbitals. A two-electron reduction/deprotonation sequence regenerates the parent carbene, fully consistent with its description as a doubly oxidized carbene. This work demonstrates that the use of bulky strong electron-donor substituents can simultaneously impart electronic stabilization and steric protection to both vacant orbitals on the central carbon atom, paving the way for the isolation of a variety of doubly oxidized carbenes.
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DOI: --
发表时间: 2022
期刊: Chemistry
影响因子: --
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发表时间: 2004
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