What is the role of epistemic communities in shaping local environmental policy? Managing environmental change through planning and greenspace in Fukuoka City, Japan
What is the role of epistemic communities in shaping local environmental policy? Managing environmental change through planning and greenspace in Fukuoka City, Japan
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DOI：
10.1016/j.geoforum.2019.04.024
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发表时间：
2019-08
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
L. Mabon;Wan-yu Shih;Kayoko Kondo;H. Kanekiyo;Yuriko Hayabuchi
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
L. Mabon;Wan-yu Shih;Kayoko Kondo;H. Kanekiyo;Yuriko Hayabuchi
本文通过日本福冈市通过规划和绿地管理环境变化的案例，评估了认知型社区在制定地方环境政策中的作用。在全球对循证政策和城市科学在应对城市环境问题方面的作用日益感兴趣的情况下，福冈是与众不同的。几十年来，福冈的当地学者一直试图通过影响建筑环境和绿地的政策来影响当地对环境变化的反应。通过分析福冈大学和研究所的学者的学术成果和市政府制定的政策文件，我们描述了福冈城市环境变化认知社区的发展。我们认为，福冈应对环境变化的建筑环境和绿地政策已经由一个具有认知力的社区以三种方式塑造。它们是：(A)对来自经验观察的技术科学证据的共同信念；(B)对城市规划和绿地作为实现变革的工具的共同兴趣；以及(C)对公民福祉的共同规范关切，根源于与污染有关的负面历史经验。我们认为，如果有一个有利的历史背景，即地方主导的环境科学研究、城市中有知识的社区成员的个人投资以及城市中有知识的社区和更广泛的社会之间的定期对话，那么由城市的学术专长驱动的政策形成可能有更大的机会扎根。我们的结论是，一个与环境和民间社会行为者合作的强大和自省的认识型社区，对于理解对当前城市环境挑战的适当反应是重要的。
This paper evaluates the role of epistemic communities in shaping local environmental policy, through the case of management of environmental change through planning and greenspace in Fukuoka City, Japan. Amidst increasing global interest in the role of evidence-based policy and urban science in responding to environmental issues in cities, Fukuoka is distinctive. Locally-situated scholars in Fukuoka have, for several decades, sought to shape local responses to environmental change by influencing policy for the built environment and greenspace. Through analysis of scholarly outputs produced by scholars working at universities and research institutes within Fukuoka and policy documentation produced by the city government, we characterise the development of Fukuoka’s urban environmental change epistemic community. We suggest that built environment and greenspace policy to respond to environmental change in Fukuoka has been shaped by an epistemic community in three ways. These are: (a) a common belief in techno-scientific evidence derived from empirical observation; (b) a shared interest in urban planning and greenspace as a vehicle for realising change; and (c) a common normative concern with citizen wellbeing, rooted in negative historical experiences with pollution. We argue that policy formation driven by scholarly expertise in cities may have a greater chance of taking root if there is a favourable historical context of locally-led environmental science research, personal investment of the epistemic community members in the city, and regular dialogue between the epistemic community and wider society in the city. We conclude that a strong and reflexive epistemic community, working in collaboration with environmental and civil society actors, is important in understanding an appropriate response to current urban environmental challenges.