Homologous recombination and human health: the roles of BRCA1, BRCA2, and associated proteins.

Homologous recombination and human health: the roles of BRCA1, BRCA2, and associated proteins.
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DOI:
10.1101/cshperspect.a016600
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发表时间:
2015-04-01
影响因子:
7.2
通讯作者:
Jasin M
Jasin M
中科院分区:
生物学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Prakash R;Zhang Y;Feng W;Jasin M

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同源重组(Homologous recombination, HR)是哺乳动物细胞DNA双链断裂修复的主要途径,其关键步骤是由RAD51蛋白介导的同源链交换。在HR缺陷细胞中观察到的基因组不稳定性,以及更重要的是,与HR基因突变有关的癌症易感性和发育缺陷,都强调了HR的生理重要性。肿瘤抑制因子BRCA1和BRCA2是HR不同阶段的关键参与者,在家族性乳腺癌和卵巢癌中经常发生突变。其他HR蛋白,包括PALB2和RAD51类似物,也被确定为肿瘤抑制因子。本章总结了BRCA1、BRCA2和相关蛋白在人类疾病中的最新发现,重点是它们的分子作用和相互作用。
Homologous recombination (HR) is a major pathway for the repair of DNA double-strand breaks in mammalian cells, the defining step of which is homologous strand exchange directed by the RAD51 protein. The physiological importance of HR is underscored by the observation of genomic instability in HR-deficient cells and, importantly, the association of cancer predisposition and developmental defects with mutations in HR genes. The tumor suppressors BRCA1 and BRCA2, key players at different stages of HR, are frequently mutated in familial breast and ovarian cancers. Other HR proteins, including PALB2 and RAD51 paralogs, have also been identified as tumor suppressors. This chapter summarizes recent findings on BRCA1, BRCA2, and associated proteins involved in human disease with an emphasis on their molecular roles and interactions.
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