Movement systems as dynamical systems -: The functional role of variability and its implications for sports medicine
Movement systems as dynamical systems -: The functional role of variability and its implications for sports medicine
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DOI：
10.2165/00007256-200333040-00001
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发表时间：
2003-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
9.8
通讯作者：
Bartlett, R
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Davids, K;Glazier, P;Bartlett, R
近年来，动力系统理论的概念和工具已成功地应用于运动系统的研究，与传统的可变性作为噪声或误差的观点相矛盾。从这个角度来看，很明显，由于塑造每个人行为的不同约束，运动系统的可变性是无处不在和不可避免的。在这份立场文件中，有人认为，在个人和个人之间观察到的性能差异的试验到试验的运动变化可能是最好的解释，试图利用生物系统内和之间固有的变异性。也就是说，运动系统的可变性有助于个体适应在不同时间尺度上对他们产生影响的独特约束（个人、任务和环境）。我们研究这些想法对运动医学的影响，通过：（i）关注姿势控制中的个体内变异性，以确保个体内实时适应不断变化的信息约束：表现环境;和（ii）解释血管紧张素转换酶基因作为遗传因子的作用的最新证据，运动系统中变异性的动力学系统理论解释的实施表明，需要重新认识运动系统中的个体差异。评估传统“医学模型”在解释运动行为和受疾病或运动系统损伤限制的性能方面的普遍影响。因此，需要开发新的工具，用于提供作为关键约束的函数的运动行为和表现的个性化曲线。协调分析提出了这样一种替代方法来解释的变化性和稳定性表现出的个人，因为他们试图构建功能，目标导向模式的运动行为在每个独特的性能。最后，强调了基因和训练对个体间性能变化的相对贡献，并得出结论，动力系统理论提供了一个适当的多学科理论框架来解释它们在支持物理性能方面的相互作用。
In recent years, concepts and tools from dynamical systems theory have been successfully applied to the study of movement systems, contradicting traditional views of variability as noise or error. From this perspective, it is apparent that variability in movement systems is omnipresent and unavoidable due to the distinct constraints that shape each individual's behaviour. In this position paper, it is argued that trial-to-trial movement variations within individuals and performance differences observed between individuals may be best interpreted as attempts to exploit the variability that is inherent within and between biological systems. That is, variability in movement systems helps individuals adapt to the unique constraints (personal, task and environmental) impinging on them across different timescales. We examine the implications of these ideas for sports medicine, by: (i) focusing on intra-individual variability in postural control to exemplify within-individual real-time adaptations to changing informational constraints in : the performance environment; and (ii) interpreting recent evidence on the role of the angiotensin-converting enzyme gene as a genetic (developmental) constraint on individual differences in physical performance.The implementation of a dynamical systems theoretical interpretation of variability in movement systems signals a need to re-evaluate the ubiquitous influence of the traditional 'medical model' in interpreting motor behaviour and performance constrained by disease or-injury to the movement system. Accordingly, there is a need to develop new tools for providing individualised plots of motor behaviour and performance as a function of key constraints. Coordination profiling is proposed as one such alternative approach for interpreting the variability and stability demonstrated by individuals as they attempt to construct functional, goal-directed patterns of motor behaviour during each unique performance. Finally, the relative contribution of genes and training to between-individual performance variation is highlighted, with the conclusion that dynamical systems theory provides an appropriate multidisciplinary theoretical framework to explain their interaction in supporting physical performance.