Exploration of Ultralight Nanofiber Aerogels as Particle Filters: Capacity and Efficiency
Exploration of Ultralight Nanofiber Aerogels as Particle Filters: Capacity and Efficiency
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DOI：
10.1021/acsami.8b00455
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发表时间：
2018-03-14
影响因子：
9.5
通讯作者：
Adlhart, Christian
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Deuber, Fabian;Mousavi, Sara;Adlhart, Christian
超轻纳米纤维气凝胶（nfa）或纳米纤维海绵是本质上扁平的电纺纳米纤维垫或膜（nfm）的真正三维衍生物。在这里，我们研究了这些材料用于颗粒或气溶胶过滤的潜力，因为颗粒过滤是nfm的主要应用。以静电纺丝纳米纤维为原料，采用固体模板法合成了超轻纳米纤维。这些材料具有可调的分层细胞开孔结构。我们观察到，在最具渗透性的粒径下，过滤效率高达99.999%。通过工艺参数调整nfa的孔隙度，我们能够将渗透颗粒的数量调整1000倍，将压降调整9倍。这些nfa起到了深床过滤器的作用，它们能够处理高粉尘负荷，而不会出现性能损失或压降增加的迹象。当面速度从0.75增加到6 cm s（-1）时，过滤效率保持在1.1-10的范围内。这两种特性与两种商用NFM颗粒过滤器的行为形成对比，后者的压降随着过滤时间的增加而显著增加，对高面速的敏感性是前者的105倍。
Ultralight nanofiber aerogels (NFAs) or nanofiber sponges are a truly three-dimensional derivative of the intrinsically flat electrospun nanofiber mats or membranes (NFMs). Here we investigated the potential of such materials for particle or aerosol filtration because particle filtration is a major application of NFMs. Ultralight NFAs were synthesized from electrospun nanofibers using a solid-templating technique. These materials had a tunable hierarchical cellular open pore structure. We observed high filtration efficiencies of up to 99.999% at the most penetrating particle size. By tailoring the porosity of the NFAs through the processing parameters, we were able to adjust the number of permeated particles by a factor of 1000 and the pressure drop by a factor of 9. These NFAs acted as a deep-bed filter, and they were capable of handling high dust loadings without any indication of performance loss or an increase in the pressure drop. When the face velocity was increased from 0.75 to 6 cm s(-1), the filtration efficiency remained high within a factor of 1.1-10. Both characteristics were in contrast to the behavior of two commercial NFM particle filters, which showed significant increases in the pressure drop with the filtration time as well as a susceptibility against high face velocities by a factor of 105.