Eight-Month-Old Infants Infer Unfulfilled Goals, Despite Ambiguous Physical Evidence
Eight-Month-Old Infants Infer Unfulfilled Goals, Despite Ambiguous Physical Evidence
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DOI：
10.1080/15250000903144215
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发表时间：
2009-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
2.6
通讯作者：
Wynn, Karen
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hamlin, J. Kiley;Newman, George E.;Wynn, Karen
在这项研究中，我们测试了8个月大的婴儿是否能够推断出演员未实现的目标，尽管展示中的一些物理信息与试图实现的目标不一致。婴儿看到一只手拿着一个戒指，反复接近一个塑料圆锥体的顶部，显然是试图将圆环放在圆锥体上的失败。然后手和戒指从圆锥体的顶部反弹到地板上。因此，所提供的一些信息与目标有关(朝向目标的运动、圆环和圆锥体之间提供的关系，以及重复尝试)，但有些信息与目标(远离目标的移动)无关。婴儿被呈现了2个测试事件：1个与所有轨迹信息一致但与目标不一致，1个与目标一致。八个月大的婴儿看着轨迹一致的事件的时间更长，这表明他们能够推断出目标，尽管身体上存在模棱两可的情况。那些没有习惯于失败的尝试或看到匹配的无生命对照的婴儿没有表现出这种模式，这表明在生命的第一年，婴儿积极和有选择地分析他人未完成的目标导向行为。
In this study, we tested whether 8-month-old infants could infer an actor's unfulfilled goal, despite some physical information present in the displays being inconsistent with the attempted goal. Infants saw a human hand holding a ring repeatedly approach the top of a plastic cone in an apparent failed attempt to place the ring on the cone. The hand and ring then bounced away from the top of the cone toward the floor. Thus, some information presented was relevant to the goal (the motion toward the goal, the afforded relationship between the ring and the cone, and the repeated attempt), but some of it was irrelevant to the goal (the movement away from the goal). Infants were presented with 2 test events: 1 that was consistent with all the trajectory information but inconsistent with the goal, and 1 that was consistent with the goal. Eight-month-olds looked longer to the trajectory-consistent event, suggesting they were able to infer the goal despite the physical ambiguity. Infants who had not been habituated to the failed attempt or who saw a matched inanimate control did not show this pattern, suggesting that infants in the first year of life actively and selectively analyze the unfulfilled goal-directed behavior of others.