Marine heatwaves are not a dominant driver of change in demersal fishes

Marine heatwaves are not a dominant driver of change in demersal fishes
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海洋热浪并不是底层鱼类变化的主要驱动力

DOI:
10.1038/s41586-023-06449-y
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发表时间:
2023
期刊:
影响因子:
64.8
通讯作者:
Palomares, Maria Lourdes
Palomares, Maria Lourdes
中科院分区:
综合性期刊1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Fredston, Alexa L.;Cheung, William W.;Frölicher, Thomas L.;Kitchel, Zoë J.;Maureaud, Aurore A.;Thorson, James T.;Auber, Arnaud;Mérigot, Bastien;Palacios-Abrantes, Juliano;Palomares, Maria Lourdes

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近几十年来,海洋热浪与负面生态影响有关。如果海洋热浪经常导致鱼类群落重组和生物量崩溃,后果可能对生态系统、渔业和人类社区造成灾难性影响。然而,海洋热浪对鱼类生物量或群落组成的负面影响程度,甚至其影响是否可以与自然和取样变异区分开来,仍不清楚。研究人员通过分析从1993年到2019年的248次海底热浪对海洋鱼类的影响,对北美和欧洲大陆架生态系统的长期科学调查中的82,322个样本进行了分析。在这里,我们表明,海洋热浪对鱼类生物量的影响往往是最小的,不能区分自然和采样的变化。此外,在这些生态系统中,海洋热浪并不总是与热带化(温暖的附属物种的收益)或deborialization(寒冷的附属物种的损失)相关。虽然在海洋热浪之后偶尔会发生生物量的急剧下降,但这是例外,而不是规则。在海洋生态系统高度多变的背景下,海洋热浪并没有推动支持世界上许多最大和最具生产力的渔业的鱼类群落的生物量变化或群落更替。
Marine heatwaves have been linked to negative ecological effects in recent decades,. If marine heatwaves regularly induce community reorganization and biomass collapses in fishes, the consequences could be catastrophic for ecosystems, fisheries and human communities,. However, the extent to which marine heatwaves have negative impacts on fish biomass or community composition, or even whether their effects can be distinguished from natural and sampling variability, remains unclear. We investigated the effects of 248 sea-bottom heatwaves from 1993 to 2019 on marine fishes by analysing 82,322 hauls (samples) from long-term scientific surveys of continental shelf ecosystems in North America and Europe spanning the subtropics to the Arctic. Here we show that the effects of marine heatwaves on fish biomass were often minimal and could not be distinguished from natural and sampling variability. Furthermore, marine heatwaves were not consistently associated with tropicalization (gain of warm-affiliated species) or deborealization (loss of cold-affiliated species) in these ecosystems. Although steep declines in biomass occasionally occurred after marine heatwaves, these were the exception, not the rule. Against the highly variable backdrop of ocean ecosystems, marine heatwaves have not driven biomass change or community turnover in fish communities that support many of the world’s largest and most productive fisheries.
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