A framework for glass-box physics rule learner and its application to nano-scale phenomena
A framework for glass-box physics rule learner and its application to nano-scale phenomena
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DOI：
10.1038/s42005-020-0339-x
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发表时间：
2020-05-08
影响因子：
5.5
通讯作者：
Kim, Jaeyoun
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Cho, In Ho;Li, Qiang;Kim, Jaeyoun
使用机器学习来发现隐藏的物理规则的尝试还处于起步阶段，当实验涉及对三维物体的多方面测量时，这种尝试面临更多挑战。在这里，我们提出了一个框架，可以注入科学家的基本知识到一个玻璃盒规则学习器提取隐藏在复杂的物理现象背后的物理规则。提出了一种“卷积信息指数”来处理三维纳米尺度样品的物理测量，多层卷积在信息水平上在多个深度上“外部化”，而不是在不透明网络中。一个透明的，灵活的链接功能，提出了一个数学表达式生成器，从而追求“玻璃盒”预测。将贝叶斯更新与进化算法相结合，实现了一致进化。该框架被应用到纳米尺度的接触带电现象，结果显示在解开一个隐藏的物理规则的透明表达式有前途的性能。利用机器学习来解释复杂现象和揭示未知的物理规律是一个活跃的研究前沿。在这里，作者解决了如何结合联合收割机基本物理，卷积信息索引，和一个透明的灵活的链接功能，以确定数学表达式的基本物理过程的纳米级接触带电。
Attempts to use machine learning to discover hidden physical rules are in their infancy, and such attempts confront more challenges when experiments involve multifaceted measurements over three-dimensional objects. Here we propose a framework that can infuse scientists' basic knowledge into a glass-box rule learner to extract hidden physical rules behind complex physics phenomena. A "convolved information index" is proposed to handle physical measurements over three-dimensional nano-scale specimens, and the multi-layered convolutions are "externalized" over multiple depths at the information level, not in the opaque networks. A transparent, flexible link function is proposed as a mathematical expression generator, thereby pursuing "glass-box" prediction. Consistent evolution is realized by integrating a Bayesian update and evolutionary algorithms. The framework is applied to nano-scale contact electrification phenomena, and results show promising performances in unraveling transparent expressions of a hidden physical rule. The proposed approach will catalyze a synergistic machine learning-physics partnership.Using machine learning to interpret complex phenomena and reveal unknown physical rules is an active research frontier. Here, the authors address how to combine basic physics, a convolved information index, and a transparent flexible link function to identify mathematical expressions of the underlying physical processes of nanoscale contact electrification.