A physical model for efficient ranking in networks.

A physical model for efficient ranking in networks.
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DOI:
10.1126/sciadv.aar8260
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发表时间:
2018-07
期刊:
影响因子:
13.6
通讯作者:
Moore C
Moore C
中科院分区:
综合性期刊1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
De Bacco C;Larremore DB;Moore C

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简单的物理模型可以快速检测和提取大型网络中的线性层次结构。我们提出了一种受物理启发的模型和一种有效的算法来推断有向网络中节点的层次排名。它将实值排名分配给节点而不是简单的序数排名,并且它形式化了这样的假设:具有相似排名的个体之间更有可能发生交互。它为推断的层次结构提供了自然的统计显着性测试,可用于执行推断任务,例如预测边缘的存在或方向。排名是通过求解线性方程组获得的,如果网络是稀疏的,则该方程组是稀疏的;因此,所得算法非常高效且可扩展。我们通过分析真实和合成数据来说明这些发现,包括来自动物行为、教师招聘、社会支持网络和体育比赛的数据集。我们表明,在恢复底层排名和预测边缘方向方面,我们的方法在速度和准确性方面通常优于其他各种方法。
A simple physical model enables rapid detection and extraction of linear hierarchies in large networks. We present a physically inspired model and an efficient algorithm to infer hierarchical rankings of nodes in directed networks. It assigns real-valued ranks to nodes rather than simply ordinal ranks, and it formalizes the assumption that interactions are more likely to occur between individuals with similar ranks. It provides a natural statistical significance test for the inferred hierarchy, and it can be used to perform inference tasks such as predicting the existence or direction of edges. The ranking is obtained by solving a linear system of equations, which is sparse if the network is; thus, the resulting algorithm is extremely efficient and scalable. We illustrate these findings by analyzing real and synthetic data, including data sets from animal behavior, faculty hiring, social support networks, and sports tournaments. We show that our method often outperforms a variety of others, in both speed and accuracy, in recovering the underlying ranks and predicting edge directions.
DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.1400005
发表时间: 2015-02
期刊: Science advances
影响因子: 13.6
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