Distinct Visual Processing of Real Objects and Pictures of Those Objects in 7- to 9-month-old Infants.
Distinct Visual Processing of Real Objects and Pictures of Those Objects in 7- to 9-month-old Infants.
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DOI：
10.3389/fpsyg.2016.00827
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发表时间：
2016
影响因子：
3.8
通讯作者：
Schwarzer G
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Gerhard TM;Culham JC;Schwarzer G
本研究考察了7个月和9个月大的婴儿对同一物体的实物和图片的视觉习惯，以及他们在习惯化后对同一物体的实物和图片版本的偏好。不同的假说可能会预测，婴儿对图片的习惯可能比真实物体更快(基于提出的婴儿行为习惯与成人神经成像适应之间的理论联系)，或者对真实对象与图片的习惯(基于过去的婴儿电生理学数据)。61名7个月大的婴儿和59名9个月大的婴儿习惯于看实物或同一物体的图片，然后用习惯化的物体与新的实物或其对应图片配对进行偏好测试。两个年龄段的婴儿都表现出了对真实物体的基本信息处理优势。具体地说，在最初的呈现中，9个月大的婴儿比7个月大的婴儿看这两种形式的刺激的时间更长，但更重要的是，两个年龄段的人看真实物体的时间都比看图片的时间长，尽管随着重复呈现，他们习惯于看真实物体的速度更快，以至于在习惯化结束时，他们同等地看着这两种类型的刺激。令人惊讶的是，即使在习惯化之后，婴儿也更喜欢看真实的物体，无论他们是习惯了照片还是真实的物体。我们的发现表明，早在7个月大的时候，婴儿就表现出对真实物体的强烈偏好，可能是因为真实物体在视觉上更丰富，和/或能够进行真正的互动。
The present study examined 7- and 9-month-old infants’ visual habituation to real objects and pictures of the same objects and their preferences between real and pictorial versions of the same objects following habituation. Different hypotheses would predict that infants may habituate faster to pictures than real objects (based on proposed theoretical links between behavioral habituation in infants and neuroimaging adaptation in adults) or to real objects vs. pictures (based on past infant electrophysiology data). Sixty-one 7-month-old infants and fifty-nine 9-month-old infants were habituated to either a real object or a picture of the same object and afterward preference tested with the habituation object paired with either the novel real object or its picture counterpart. Infants of both age groups showed basic information-processing advantages for real objects. Specifically, during the initial presentations, 9-month-old infants looked longer at stimuli in both formats than the 7-month olds but more importantly both age groups looked longer at real objects than pictures, though with repeated presentations, they habituated faster for real objects such that at the end of habituation, they looked equally at both types of stimuli. Surprisingly, even after habituation, infants preferred to look at the real objects, regardless of whether they had habituated to photos or real objects. Our findings suggest that from as early as 7-months of age, infants show strong preferences for real objects, perhaps because real objects are visually richer and/or enable the potential for genuine interactions.