Prevalence and characteristics of hearing problems in a working and non-working Swedish population
Prevalence and characteristics of hearing problems in a working and non-working Swedish population
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DOI：
10.1136/jech.2009.095430
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发表时间：
2010-05-01
影响因子：
6.3
通讯作者：
Canlon, B.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hasson, D.;Theorell, T.;Canlon, B.
背景 听力问题是十大最常见的疾病负担之一，预计到 2030 年将变得更加普遍。本研究的目的是对瑞典普通工作人口和非工作人口中因听力损失和耳鸣而导致的沟通困难的患病率与性别、年龄、社会经济地位 (SES) 和噪音接触进行当前评估。此前尚未确定 SES 对患病率有何影响。 方法 共有 18 734 人被邀请参加这项研究，其中 11 441 人（61%）入组。在参与者中，9756 人回答了针对工作人员的调查问卷，1685 人回答了针对非工作人员的调查问卷。 研究结果 最重要的发现是，31% 的工作人口和 36% 的非工作人口报告有听力损失或耳鸣或两者兼而有之。听力问题的患病率随着年龄的增长而增加，男性和社会经济地位自评较低的人中听力问题的患病率更高，并且与工作中接触噪音的情况有关。 40 岁以下接触工作噪音的男性和女性已经存在严重的听力问题。解释 听力问题的患病率比之前估计的要普遍得多，并且与 SES 和噪音接触史有关。听力问题是逐渐出现的，可能需要数年时间才能被认识到。为了主动干预和防止这种有害但可以避免的障碍，需要定期更新统计数据。
Background Hearing problems are among the top 10 most common burdens of disease and are projected to be become even more common by the year 2030. The aim of the present study was to give a current assessment of the prevalence of communication difficulties because of hearing loss and tinnitus, in the general Swedish working and non-working populations in relation to sex, age, socioeconomic status (SES) and noise exposure. How prevalence is affected by SES has not been previously established.Methods A total of 18 734 individuals were invited to participate in the study, of which 11 441 (61%) enrolled. Of the participants, 9756 answered the questionnaire for those who work and 1685 answered the version for non-workers.Findings The most important findings are that 31% in the working population and 36% in the non-working population report either hearing loss or tinnitus or both. The prevalence of hearing problems increases with age, is higher among men and persons with low self-rated SES, and covaries with exposure to noise at work. Severe hearing problems are already present in men and women under 40 years of age who are exposed to work-related noise.Interpretation Prevalence of hearing problems is far more common than previously estimated and is associated with SES and noise exposure history. Hearing problems have a gradual onset that can take years to become recognised. In order to proactively intervene and prevent this deleterious, yet avoidable handicap, statistics need to be regularly updated.