Scaling of the brain and the eye cooling system in birds: a morphometric analysis of the rete ophthalmicum.
Scaling of the brain and the eye cooling system in birds: a morphometric analysis of the rete ophthalmicum.
复制标题
鸟类大脑和眼睛冷却系统的缩放：眼网的形态测量分析。
DOI：
10.1002/jez.1402250204
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发表时间：
1983
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
U. Midtgård
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
U. Midtgård
对眼网进行了形态测量分析，眼网是鸟类头部的功能性动静脉热交换系统。形态学数据取自 40 种鸟类的网膜组织切片，覆盖体重范围 20,000 倍。视网膜动脉的最大数量、长度、动脉直径、总动脉横截面积和最大交换面积已用异速生长方程表示。对逆流热交换效应重要的其他参数已经被估计或计算。通过使用理想热交换器的简单物理定律，结果表明，通过网膜的动脉血的温度下降在体重的很大范围内相当恒定，但大于先前报道的身体与大脑的温度差异。结果与视网膜的热交换功能一致，并支持这样的观点：视网膜除了充当大脑的冷却系统之外，对于减少眼睛的热量损失也可能很重要。
A morphometric analysis has been made of the rete ophthalmicum which is a functional arteriovenous heat exchange system in the heads of birds. The morphological data were obtained from histological sections of the rete from 40 species of birds covering a weight range of 20,000-fold. The maximal number of retial arteries, the length, the diameter of the arteries, the total arterial cross-sectional area, and the maximal exchange area have been expressed in terms of allometric equations. Other parameters important for the countercurrent heat exchange effect have been estimated or calculated. By use of simple physical laws for ideal heat exchangers, it is shown that the temperature decrease of the arterial blood passing the rete is rather constant over a wide range in body weight, but larger than previously reported body-to-brain temperature differences. The results are consistent with the heat exchange function of the rete and provide support for the idea that the rete, besides serving as a cooling system for the brain, also may be important in reducing heat loss from the eye.