Where There is Discord, Can They Bring Harmony? Managing Intra-Party Dissent on European Integration in the Conservative Party
Where There is Discord, Can They Bring Harmony? Managing Intra-Party Dissent on European Integration in the Conservative Party
复制标题
哪里有不和谐，哪里就能和谐？
DOI：
10.1111/j.1467-856x.2012.00526.x
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发表时间：
2013
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
R. Whitaker
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
P. Lynch;R. Whitaker
研究摘要保守党在反对党的温和欧洲怀疑论立场上变得更加团结，但内部分歧在英国与欧盟关系变化的规模和速度上显而易见。保守党领导人采用了一系列方法来管理党内对欧洲一体化的异议：干预候选人的选择，赞助，纪律，政策妥协，允许低成本的异议，全民公决承诺和降低问题的突出性。当保守党执政时，对欧洲一体化的异议往往更高，因为执政党不能单独控制欧盟议程，必须做出艰难的决定，并可能不得不牺牲自己的首选立场来促成妥协。由于保守党的政策在联合政府中被稀释，欧元区的危机提高了欧盟问题的重要性，欧洲怀疑论者的异议增加了，但欧洲怀疑论者的反叛者不是一个有凝聚力的团体，这限制了他们的影响力。20世纪90年代，保守党在欧洲一体化问题上的分歧很突出，但在反对党中有所减弱。在此期间，该党在欧洲的态度方面变得更加团结，因为它接受了温和的欧洲怀疑主义。然而，随着该党与自由民主党组成联合政府，在英国与欧盟关系改革的规模和速度上的分歧有所增加。本文探讨了党的领导层利用不同的方法来管理欧洲异议的有效性：在候选人选择的干预;赞助和纪律;允许有限的异议;政策妥协和推迟决定;承诺公民投票;和议程设置和问题的突出性。它表明，政党内部在欧洲一体化问题上的分歧特别难以处理，并表明执政党在这一问题上的异议可能往往高于反对党。
Research Highlights and Abstract The Conservative Party became more united around a soft Eurosceptic position in opposition, but internal divisions are evident on the scale and pace of change to the UK's relationship with the EU. Conservative Party leaders have employed a range of methods to manage intra-party dissent on European integration: intervention in candidate selection, patronage, discipline, policy compromises, permitting low-cost dissent, referendum pledges and reducing issue salience. Dissent on European integration tends to be higher when the Conservatives are in office because governing parties cannot individually control the EU agenda, must take difficult decisions and may have to sacrifice their preferred positions to broker compromises. Eurosceptic dissent has increased because Conservative policy has been diluted in coalition and the crisis in the Eurozone has raised the salience of the EU issue, but Eurosceptic rebels are not a cohesive group and this limits their influence. Divisions on European integration were prominent in the Conservative Party in the 1990s, but abated in opposition. In this period, the party became more cohesive in terms of attitudes on Europe as it embraced soft Euroscepticism. However, differences over the desired scale and pace of changes to Britain's relationship with the European Union saw dissent increase as the party entered coalition government with the Liberal Democrats. This article examines the effectiveness of various approaches to management of dissent on Europe utilised by the party leadership: intervention in candidate selection; patronage and discipline; permitting limited dissent; policy compromise and deferred decisions; pledging referendums; and agenda setting and issue salience. It shows that intra-party divisions on European integration are particularly difficult to manage and suggests that dissent on the issue may often be higher in governing parties than those in opposition.
干湿复苏？
影响因子：
1.2
作者：
Webb P
通讯作者：
Webb P