Systematic review of long-term lifestyle interventions to prevent weight gain and morbidity in adults
Systematic review of long-term lifestyle interventions to prevent weight gain and morbidity in adults
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1467-789x.2009.00641.x
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发表时间：
2009-11-01
期刊：
影响因子：
8.9
通讯作者：
Summerbell, C.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Brown, T.;Avenell, A.;Summerbell, C.
本文的目的是确定长期生活方式干预对预防成年人体重增加和发病率的有效性。对于体重正常、超重和肥胖的成年人来说，预防体重增加是很重要的。对体重指数小于35 kg m-2的成年人生活方式干预的对照试验进行了系统评价，至少随访2年。在39项比较中，有11项在2年或更长时间时组间体重显著改善，平均差异体重变化范围为-0.5至-11.5 kg。有效的干预措施包括600千卡/天的饮食不足/低脂饮食（有或没有代餐）、低热量饮食、减肥者饮食、低脂非减肥饮食、饮食与行为疗法、饮食与运动、饮食与运动和行为疗法。在低脂饮食中添加代餐（有或没有运动和行为治疗）可以显著改善体重。头对头的干预措施没有显示出显着的影响，体重与行为疗法相比，低脂饮食的地中海饮食除外。与无治疗对照组相比，饮食结合运动和/或行为治疗可显著降低高血压，改善代谢综合征和糖尿病的风险。生活方式干预显示体重显著改善，高血压降低，2型糖尿病和代谢综合征风险降低。
P>The aim of this article is to determine the effectiveness of long-term lifestyle interventions for the prevention of weight gain and morbidity in adults. Prevention of weight gain is important in adults who are of normal weight, overweight and obese. A systematic review of controlled trials of lifestyle interventions in adults with a body mass index of less than 35 kg m-2 with at least 2 years of follow-up was carried out. Eleven of 39 comparisons produced significant improvement in weight between groups at 2 years or longer with mean difference weight change ranging from -0.5 to -11.5 kg. Effective interventions included a 600 kcal/day deficit diet deficit/low-fat diet (with and without meal replacements), low-calorie diet, Weight Watchers diet, low-fat non-reducing diet, diet with behaviour therapy, diet with exercise, diet with exercise and behaviour therapy. Adding meal replacements to a low-fat diet (with and without exercise and behaviour therapy) produced significant improvement in weight. Head-to-head interventions failed to show significant effect on weight with the exception of a Mediterranean diet with behaviour therapy compared with low-fat diet. Diet with exercise and/or behaviour therapy demonstrated significant reduction in hypertension and improvement in risk of metabolic syndrome and diabetes compared with no treatment control. Lifestyle interventions demonstrated significant improvement in weight, reduction in hypertension and reduction in risk of type 2 diabetes and the metabolic syndrome.