Impact of the new U.S. Department of Agriculture school meal standards on food selection, consumption, and waste.
Impact of the new U.S. Department of Agriculture school meal standards on food selection, consumption, and waste.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.amepre.2013.11.013
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发表时间：
2014-04
影响因子：
5.5
通讯作者：
Rimm, Eric B.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Cohen, Juliana F. W.;Richardson, Scott;Parker, Ellen;Catalano, Paul J.;Rimm, Eric B.
美国农业部 (USDA) 最近对学校膳食标准进行了重大修改。媒体和公众的强烈抗议表明，这导致了更多的食物浪费。在新校餐标准实施前后，对校餐的选择、消耗和浪费进行了评估。餐盘浪费数据是在城市低收入学区的 4 所学校收集的。采用Logistic回归和混合模型方差分析来估计新标准实施前（2011年秋季）和实施后（2012年秋季）1030名中小学生在校餐选择和消费方面的差异。 2013年进行了分析。新标准实施后，水果的选择增加了23.0%，主菜和蔬菜的选择保持不变。此外，实施后主菜消费量增长了15.6%，蔬菜消费量增长了16.2%，水果消费量保持不变。由于不相关的牛奶政策变化，牛奶选择和消费减少。尽管实施前后的食物浪费水平都很高，但新指南对学校膳食的选择和消费产生了积极影响。尽管蔬菜份量要求增加，但消费量增加并导致蔬菜消耗量显着增加。选择水果的学生明显增多，而消费水果的总体百分比保持不变，导致更多的学生消费水果。与媒体报道相反，这些结果表明新的学校膳食标准改善了学生的整体饮食质量。没有必要立法削弱标准。
The U.S Department of Agriculture (USDA) recently made substantial changes to the school meal standards. The media and public outcry have suggested that this has led to substantially more food waste. School meal selection, consumption, and waste were assessed before and after implementation of the new school meal standards. Plate waste data was collected in 4 schools in an urban, low-income school district. Logistic regression and mixed-model ANOVA were used to estimate the differences in selection and consumption of school meals before (fall 2011) and after implementation (fall 2012) of the new standards among 1030 elementary and middle school children. Analyses were conducted in 2013. After the new standards were implemented, fruit selection increased by 23.0%, and entrée and vegetable selection remained unchanged. Additionally, post-implementation entrée consumption increased by 15.6%, vegetable consumption increased by 16.2%, and fruit consumption remained the same. Milk selection and consumption decreased owing to an unrelated milk policy change. While food waste levels were substantial both pre- and post-implementation, the new guidelines have positively impacted school meal selection and consumption. Despite the increased vegetable portion size requirement, consumption increased and led to significantly more cups of vegetables consumed. Significantly more students selected a fruit, while the overall percentage of fruit consumed remained the same, resulting in more students consuming fruits. Contrary to media reports, these results suggest that the new school meal standards have improved students’ overall diet quality. Legislation to weaken the standards is not warranted.
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影响因子：
5.5
作者：
Cohen, Juliana F. W.;Richardson, Scott;Austin, S. Bryn;Economos, Christina D.;Rimm, Eric B.
通讯作者：
Rimm, Eric B.
影响因子：
4.2
作者：
Perry, CL;Bishop, DB;Harnack, L
通讯作者：
Harnack, L
影响因子：
5.5
作者：
Kestens, Yan;Daniel, Mark
通讯作者：
Daniel, Mark
DOI：
10.1016/s0002-8223(02)90254-3
发表时间：
2002-08-01
影响因子：
--
作者：
Nichols, PJ;Porter, C;Arjmandi, BH
通讯作者：
Arjmandi, BH
DOI：
10.1016/j.jand.2012.01.015
发表时间：
2012-06-01
影响因子：
4.8
作者：
Cohen, Juliana F. W.;Smit, Liesbeth A.;Rimm, Eric B.
通讯作者：
Rimm, Eric B.