Multivariate Brain Prediction of Heart Rate and Skin Conductance Responses to Social Threat
Multivariate Brain Prediction of Heart Rate and Skin Conductance Responses to Social Threat
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DOI：
10.1523/jneurosci.3672-15.2016
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发表时间：
2016-11-23
影响因子：
5.3
通讯作者：
Wager, Tor D.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Eisenbarth, Hedwig;Chang, Luke J.;Wager, Tor D.
社会心理压力源会引起多个身体系统的自主神经系统 (ANS) 反应，这些反应与健康风险相关。许多工作都集中在压力的常见影响上，但不同身体系统中的 ANS 反应是可分离的，并且可能是由皮质-皮质下相互作用的不同模式引起的。在这里，我们使用机器学习来开发功能磁共振成像活动的多变量模式，预测人类社会威胁期间的心率 (HR) 和皮肤电导水平 (SCL) 反应 (N = 18)。总体而言，在交叉验证分析中，大脑模式成功预测了 HR 和 SCL（r(HR) = 0.54，r(SCL) = 0.58，均 p < 0.0001）。这些模式部分反映了两种反应共有的中枢应激机制，因为每种模式在某种程度上预测了其他信号（r(HR -> SCL) = 0.21 和 r(SCL -> HR) = 0.22，均 p < 0.01），但它们很大程度上是生理反应特异性的。这两种模式都包括背侧前扣带回和小脑的正预测权重以及腹内侧 PFC 的负预测权重，这些区域内的局部模式相似性分析表明它们编码共同的中枢应激机制。然而，预测图和探照灯分析表明，HR 和 SCL 的预测模式在大部分大脑中存在显着差异，包括腹内侧 PFC、岛叶、外侧 PFC、前 SMA 和 dmPFC 的显着差异。总体而言，结果表明特定的大脑活动模式追踪特定身体系统中威胁引起的自主反应。威胁的生理测量方法不可互换，而是反映了大脑系统之间的特定相互作用。
Psychosocial stressors induce autonomic nervous system (ANS) responses in multiple body systems that are linked to health risks. Much work has focused on the common effects of stress, but ANS responses in different body systems are dissociable and may result from distinct patterns of cortical-subcortical interactions. Here, we used machine learning to develop multivariate patterns of fMRI activity predictive of heart rate (HR) and skin conductance level (SCL) responses during social threat in humans(N = 18). Overall, brain patterns predicted both HR and SCL in cross-validated analyses successfully (r(HR) = 0.54, r(SCL) = 0.58, both p < 0.0001). These patterns partly reflected central stress mechanisms common to both responses because each pattern predicted the other signal to some degree (r(HR -> SCL) = 0.21and r(SCL -> HR) = 0.22, both p < 0.01), but they were largely physiological response specific. Both patterns included positive predictive weights in dorsal anterior cingulate and cerebellum and negative weights in ventromedial PFC and local pattern similarity analyses within these regions suggested that they encode common central stress mechanisms. However, the predictive maps and searchlight analysis suggested that the patterns predictive of HR and SCL were substantially different across most of the brain, including significant differences in ventromedial PFC, insula, lateral PFC, pre-SMA, and dmPFC. Overall, the results indicate that specific patterns of cerebral activity track threat-induced autonomic responses in specific body systems. Physiological measures of threat are not interchangeable, but rather reflect specific interactions among brain systems.