Interstellar Probe: Humanity?s exploration of the Galaxy Begins
Interstellar Probe: Humanity?s exploration of the Galaxy Begins
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DOI：
10.1016/j.actaastro.2022.07.011
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发表时间：
2022-08-20
影响因子：
3.5
通讯作者：
Paul, M., V
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Brandt, Pontus C.;Provornikova, E. A.;Paul, M., V
在它的演化过程中，我们的太阳和它的保护磁泡在整个银河系中经历了截然不同的星际环境。星际等离子体、气体、尘埃和高能宇宙射线的广阔条件范围就在于此？太阳之旅？帮助塑造了我们生活的太阳系。今天，我们的保护泡或日光层可能即将进入星际空间的一个全新状态，这将再次改变整个日光层的相互作用以及它如何保护我们免受星际环境的影响。星际探测器是一个使命概念，探索塑造我们的日光层的机制，代表了超越我们家园的第一步，进入星际云，了解我们的太阳，日光层和太阳系的进化之旅。星际探测器的想法可以追溯到1960年？年代，探测太阳及其两极的想法也形成了。一个国际科学家小组和一个工程师小组在约翰霍普金斯大学应用物理实验室（APL）由美国宇航局资助，研究实用的使命概念，将在2030年发射？这是现实。这样一个使命所带来的突破性科学不仅跨越了太阳和空间物理学的学科，而且还跨越了行星科学和天体物理学。包括即将到来的SLS Block 2和强大的阶段在内的详细分析表明，使用木星重力辅助已经可以实现每年7个天文单位（Au）的渐近速度。在这里，我们将对沿着等待我们的科学发现进行概述，包括日光层边界和星际介质的物理学、柯伊伯带天体的探测潜力、环日尘埃盘和银河系外背景光。讨论了星际探测器的科学原理、调查和实施，包括示例有效载荷、轨道设计和操作。
During the course of its evolution, our Sun and its protective magnetic bubble have plowed through dramatically different interstellar environments throughout the galaxy. The vast range of conditions of interstellar plasma, gas, dust and high-energy cosmic rays on this ???solar journey??? have helped shape the solar system that we live in. Today, our protective bubble, or Heliosphere, is likely about to enter a completely new regime of interstellar space that will, yet again, change the entire heliospheric interaction and how it shields us from the interstellar environment. Interstellar Probe is a mission concept to explore the mechanisms shaping our heliosphere and represents the first step beyond our home, into the interstellar cloud to understand the evolutionary journey of our Sun, Heliosphere and Solar System. The idea of an Interstellar Probe dates back to the 1960???s, when also the ideas of a probe to the Sun and its poles were formed. An international team of scientists and a team of engineers at the Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory (APL) are funded by NASA to study pragmatic mission concepts that would make a launch in the 2030???s a reality. The ground breaking science enabled by such a mission spans not only the discipline of Solar and Space Physics, but also Planetary Sciences and Astrophysics. Detailed analyses including the upcoming SLS Block 2 and powerful stages demonstrate that asymptotic speeds around 7 Astronomical Units (au) per Year are already possible with a Jupiter Gravity Assist. Here, we give an overview of the science discoveries that await along the journey, including the physics of the heliospheric boundary and interstellar medium, the potential for exploration of Kuiper Belt Objects, the circum-solar dust disk and the extra-galactic background light. The scientific rationale, investigations and implementation of an Interstellar Probe are discussed including also example payload, trajectory design and operations.