The Lebanese-Syrian crisis: impact of influx of Syrian refugees to an already weak state.
The Lebanese-Syrian crisis: impact of influx of Syrian refugees to an already weak state.
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DOI：
10.2147/rmhp.s106068
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发表时间：
2016
影响因子：
3.5
通讯作者：
Castro Delgado R
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Cherri Z;Arcos González P;Castro Delgado R
黎巴嫩是一个不断面临政治和民族团结挑战的中东小国，人口约为30万巴勒斯坦和伊拉克难民，自2012年以来，已接待了120多万在联合国难民事务高级专员办事处（难民署）登记的叙利亚难民。黎巴嫩政府将2011年以来跨越叙利亚-叙利亚边界的人视为“流离失所者”，强调其长期立场，即黎巴嫩不是一个难民国家，拒绝建立难民营，并于2014年10月通过了一份减少难民人数的政策文件。对叙利亚难民涌入黎巴嫩的人道主义反应一直在不断集结，联合国难民署是主要行动机构，黎巴嫩危机应对计划是2016年的最新计划。通过访问涉及复杂紧急情况下人道主义反应的数据库，审查来自灰色文献和报告的二手数据，重点关注叙利亚难民涌入黎巴嫩的情况。局限性包括从灰色文献中获得大部分数据，以及由于情况的不稳定而改变统计数据。叙利亚难民涌入黎巴嫩这个本已脆弱不堪的国家，在不同层面上对黎巴嫩的生活产生了负面影响，包括人口增加、经济倒退、社会服务枯竭、政治复杂化、安全下降，以及流离失所的叙利亚人自己的生活恶化。由于叙利亚人涌入黎巴嫩，流离失所的叙利亚人和黎巴嫩人民共同面临着日益严重的危险危机。虽然已经采取了很多应对措施，但由于缺乏资金和不可持续的方案举措，这两个群体仍然缺乏基本需求。关于今后干预措施的两项主要建议是确保持续有效的监测和可持续性，以减轻黎巴嫩目前和今后的痛苦。
Lebanon, a small Middle Eastern country facing constant political and national unity challenges with a population of approximately 300,000 Palestinian and Iraqi refugees, has welcomed more than 1.2 million Office of the United Nations Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR)-registered Syrian refugees since 2012. The Government of Lebanon considers individuals who crossed Lebanese–Syrian borders since 2011 as “displaced”, emphasizing its long-standing position that Lebanon is not a state for refugees, refusing to establish camps, and adopting a policy paper to reduce their numbers in October 2014. Humanitarian response to the Syrian influx to Lebanon has been constantly assembling with the UNHCR as the main acting body and the Lebanon Crisis Response Plan as the latest plan for 2016. Review of secondary data from gray literature and reports focusing on the influx of Syrian refugees to Lebanon by visiting databases covering humanitarian response in complex emergencies. Limitations include obtaining majority of the data from gray literature and changing statistics due to the instability of the situation. The influx of Syrian refugees to Lebanon, an already weak and vulnerable state, has negatively impacted life in Lebanon on different levels including increasing demographics, regressing economy, exhausting social services, complicating politics, and decreasing security as well as worsened the life of displaced Syrians themselves. Displaced Syrians and Lebanese people share aggravating hardships of a mutual and precarious crisis resulting from the Syrian influx to Lebanon. Although a lot of response has been initiated, both populations still lack much of their basic needs due to lack of funding and nonsustainable program initiatives. The two major recommendations for future interventions are to ensure continuous and effective monitoring and sustainability in order to alleviate current and future suffering in Lebanon.