The renaissance of human skin organ culture: A critical reappraisal
The renaissance of human skin organ culture: A critical reappraisal
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人类皮肤器官培养的复兴：批判性的重新评估
DOI：
10.1016/j.diff.2018.10.002
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发表时间：
2018
期刊：
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
Zhongfa Lu
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Lijuan Zhou;Xianqi Zhang;Ralf Paus;Zhongfa Lu
人类皮肤器官培养（hSOC）是一种简单但具有高度指导性和临床相关性的皮肤研究方法。几十年来，它一直被用于研究发育、分化和功能，以及在其附属物和所有常驻细胞群存在的情况下，完整人类皮肤对创伤或测试试剂的反应。hSOC还被证明可用于毒理学和肿瘤学研究以及皮肤老化（时序老化和光老化）、皮肤能量代谢、皮肤免疫学、色素沉着生物学和皮肤（神经）内分泌学和神经生物学的研究。各种皮肤病的病理生物学和治疗也可以通过器官培养完整的病变人皮肤来离体评估。除了通过常规组织化学进行形态学分析外，定量（免疫）组织形态计量学已被证明是使用相对少量的珍贵人体组织定量和定位定义的皮肤区室和不同细胞群中蛋白质表达模式的极好工具。最后，最近的技术进步，如siRNA介导的基因沉默和hSOC的感觉神经再支配，进一步扩展了人类皮肤离体研究的方法学应用范围;它已经成为研究性皮肤病学的最终临床前分析系统，包括药物、药妆品和营养品等的测试，并且仅比人体皮肤异种移植体内小鼠模型和临床试验低一步。在这里，我们严格审查的复兴和各种hSOC检测，其应用和局限性，我们严格比较它们与3D皮肤“等效”检测。审查关闭的观点，这古老的，但高度信息和生理相关的离体皮肤研究方法可能会在未来进一步发展。
Human skin organ culture (hSOC) is a simple but highly instructive and clinically relevant skin research method. It has been used for decades to study the development, differentiation, and function as well as the response to wounding or test agents of intact human skin in the presence of its appendages and all resident cell populations. hSOC has also proven useful in toxicological and oncological studies and studies of skin aging (both chronological aging and photoaging), skin energy metabolism, skin immunology, pigmentation biology, and cutaneous (neuro-)endocrinology and neurobiology. The pathobiology and treatment of various dermatoses can also be assessed ex vivo by organ-culturing intact lesional human skin. In addition to morphological analyses by routine histochemistry, quantitative (immuno)histomorphometry has proven to be an excellent tool for quantitating and localizing protein expression patterns in defined skin compartments and distinct cell populations using a relatively small amount of precious human tissue. Finally, more recent technological advances, such as siRNA-mediated gene silencing and sensory reinnervation of hSOCs, have further extended the range of methodological applications for the ex vivo study of human skin; it has emerged as the ultimate preclinical assay system for investigative dermatology, including the testing of drugs, cosmeceuticals and nutraceuticals and more, and is just one step below human skin xenotransplant in vivo mouse models and clinical trials. Here, we critically review the renaissance and variety of hSOC assays, their applications and limitations, and we critically compare them with 3D skin "equivalent" assays. The review closes with perspectives on how this ancient but highly informative and physiologically relevant ex vivo skin research method may be further developed in the future.